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(197, '', 'Co-leader of breeding programme keen to make a positive contribution to farming', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml>\r\n<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n<o:AllowPNG/>\r\n</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n</xml><![endif]-->\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><strong>Dr Suzanne Rowe</strong>, co-leader of the NZAGRC-PGgRc programme to breed low methane ruminants, has always been passionate about farming. Originally from Devon, in the UK, she grew up in the city and left home at 16 to work on a horse breeding stud. Suzanne then moved on to milking cows, which she enjoyed for many years. She found herself milking for a progressive farmer, Herbert Mitchell, who, with his son, was breeding dairy cows for production with a huge emphasis on recording. Tregear farm had been in the family for more than 100 years and the 150 cows were averaging about 10,000 litres of milk. &ldquo;In terms of production index, at one point it was second only to Scotland&rsquo;s Rural College research farm, which is an outstanding achievement for a small family farm&rdquo;, Suzanne remembers.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">Tregear was a great place to learn and it was here that Suzanne became interested in making a difference to the agricultural sector. In between milkings, she studied for her A-levels and then attended agricultural college, continuing to milk at weekends and at any other occasional opportunity that she could. From there, she moved to Edinburgh to study quantitative genetics and genomics at the University of Edinburgh. &ldquo;With my fascination with breeding, it really was the best place in the world that I could have studied&rdquo;, she reflects. In the second year of her degree, Suzanne was required to spend a year working on a farm. Given she had spent so much time milking cows in the UK, she did not think it made sense to stay there. There was a job advertised on an African farm and, despite a warning from the careers advisor at the University who said it was too dangerous, she decided to take it. She and her husband Tim worked as a team on the remote property in Kalomo, southern Zambia, with Suzanne running the dairy and her husband running the workshop. She hand-milked cows, made butter and cheese, and they grew cash crops such as maize and tobacco. There was a mix of Zebu and Friesian cattle on the property. &ldquo;The Friesians were great for milk but their tick resistance was extremely low. A massive amount of work went into just keeping them alive&rdquo;, Suzanne says. &ldquo;It was a fantastic experience which taught me a lot about agriculture because it was so basic compared with what I&rsquo;d learnt at home&rdquo;.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">Suzanne completed her masters degree, followed by a PhD in quantitative genetics, and then stayed for some post-doctoral work. Always a firm believer that, in science, you should not stay in one group for an entire career, Suzanne decided that the next move that she made would be a big one. With that in mind, the Rowe family moved to Otago two years ago. One of the biggest attractions was the strong team at AgResearch&rsquo;s Invermay campus, with the likes of Dr John McEwan, who is world-renowned in genomics, and Dr Ken Dodds. Suzanne was also attracted to New Zealand by the value and importance of agriculture to our economy.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\">In addition to working on the NZAGRC-PGgRc breeding programme, Suzanne has also found time to work on the development of genomic tools for the deer industry and genetic mapping of genes associated with disease and production traits in sheep. She has also been looking at gene by environment interactions in the New Zealand sheep flock and is interested in the development of a dairy sheep industry in New Zealand. &ldquo;I&rsquo;m never bored. There&rsquo;s plenty to do here,&rdquo; Suzanne told us. &ldquo;I&rsquo;m really enjoying working at Invermay. It&rsquo;s pretty unique to get this level of expertise in all these different areas in one place. I feel that I&rsquo;m putting my skills to great use here and I&rsquo;m positive about making a real contribution to the future of NZ agriculture&rdquo;.</p>\r\n<!-- [if gte mso 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Originally from Devon, in the UK, she grew up in the city and left home at 16 to work on a horse breeding stud. Suzanne then moved on to milking cows, which she enjoyed for many years. She found herself milking for a progressive farmer, Herbert Mitchell, who, with his son, was breeding dairy cows for production with a huge emphasis on recording. Tregear farm had been in the family for more than 100 years and the 150 cows were averaging about 10,000 litres of milk. “In terms of production index, at one point it was second only to Scotland’s Rural College research farm, which is an outstanding achievement for a small family farm”, Suzanne remembers.\r\n \r\nTregear was a great place to learn and it was here that Suzanne became interested in making a difference to the agricultural sector. In between milkings, she studied for her A-levels and then attended agricultural college, continuing to milk at weekends and at any other occasional opportunity that she could. From there, she moved to Edinburgh to study quantitative genetics and genomics at the University of Edinburgh. “With my fascination with breeding, it really was the best place in the world that I could have studied”, she reflects. In the second year of her degree, Suzanne was required to spend a year working on a farm. Given she had spent so much time milking cows in the UK, she did not think it made sense to stay there. There was a job advertised on an African farm and, despite a warning from the careers advisor at the University who said it was too dangerous, she decided to take it. She and her husband Tim worked as a team on the remote property in Kalomo, southern Zambia, with Suzanne running the dairy and her husband running the workshop. She hand-milked cows, made butter and cheese, and they grew cash crops such as maize and tobacco. There was a mix of Zebu and Friesian cattle on the property. “The Friesians were great for milk but their tick resistance was extremely low. A massive amount of work went into just keeping them alive”, Suzanne says. “It was a fantastic experience which taught me a lot about agriculture because it was so basic compared with what I’d learnt at home”.\r\n \r\nSuzanne completed her masters degree, followed by a PhD in quantitative genetics, and then stayed for some post-doctoral work. Always a firm believer that, in science, you should not stay in one group for an entire career, Suzanne decided that the next move that she made would be a big one. With that in mind, the Rowe family moved to Otago two years ago. One of the biggest attractions was the strong team at AgResearch’s Invermay campus, with the likes of Dr John McEwan, who is world-renowned in genomics, and Dr Ken Dodds. Suzanne was also attracted to New Zealand by the value and importance of agriculture to our economy.\r\n \r\nIn addition to working on the NZAGRC-PGgRc breeding programme, Suzanne has also found time to work on the development of genomic tools for the deer industry and genetic mapping of genes associated with disease and production traits in sheep. She has also been looking at gene by environment interactions in the New Zealand sheep flock and is interested in the development of a dairy sheep industry in New Zealand. “I’m never bored. There’s plenty to do here,” Suzanne told us. “I’m really enjoying working at Invermay. It’s pretty unique to get this level of expertise in all these different areas in one place. I feel that I’m putting my skills to great use here and I’m positive about making a real contribution to the future of NZ agriculture”.', '', '', '', '', '2015-09-15', '2015-09-15', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '640', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(577, '', 'Principal Investigator - Dr David Whitehead', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><strong>Funding Brings Clarity to Soil Carbon Research</strong></p>\r\n<p>NZAGRC funding over the last decade has improved clarity about soil carbon research and provided a structure for building a knowledge base both in New Zealand and the international scientific community, says Dr David Whitehead.</p>\r\n<p>David, of Manaaki Whenua &ndash; Landcare Research, is one of four Principal Investigators leading the Plants and GHGs (greenhouse gases) research programme for the NZAGRC.</p>\r\n<p>Asked what the research programme has delivered since the NZAGRC began its work, David points to the progress made in science knowledge. \"It has provided the opportunity to start new programmes and approaches and we have gained so much knowledge about carbon stocks in New Zealand soils and how they are changing in relation to management.&rdquo;</p>\r\n<p>David&rsquo;s role has been to review progress, identify and prioritise research gaps and co-ordinate integrated research programmes.</p>\r\n<p>After specialising in science at school he went to the University of York to study biology then did his PhD at the UK Government organisation Rothamsted Research and his Post Doc research at the University of Edinburgh where his perspectives were transformed by working on water use by Scotland&rsquo;s forests.</p>\r\n<p>David&rsquo;s training in carbon uptake and water use led him to explore management options to increase productivity when he began working at the New Zealand Forest Research Institute (now Scion) in Rotorua. The focus developed to improve wood quantity rather than quantity and this in turn led to studying opportunities to increase carbon storage in vegetation and soils to offset greenhouse gas emissions.</p>\r\n<p>David says that in New Zealand, interest is growing in &lsquo;regenerative agriculture&rsquo; but much of the evidence for success is anecdotal and lacks scientific credibility. &ldquo;While I am not suggesting that we revolutionise our agricultural practices, I do feel that we need to be more willing to address opportunities provided by, for example, changes to grazing intensity and frequency, multi-species mixed cropping, soil amendments, etc. There is growing evidence that increasing diversity leads to more sustainable, resilient farming systems.&rdquo;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Funding Brings Clarity to Soil Carbon Research\r\nNZAGRC funding over the last decade has improved clarity about soil carbon research and provided a structure for building a knowledge base both in New Zealand and the international scientific community, says Dr David Whitehead.\r\nDavid, of Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research, is one of four Principal Investigators leading the Plants and GHGs (greenhouse gases) research programme for the NZAGRC.\r\nAsked what the research programme has delivered since the NZAGRC began its work, David points to the progress made in science knowledge. \"It has provided the opportunity to start new programmes and approaches and we have gained so much knowledge about carbon stocks in New Zealand soils and how they are changing in relation to management.”\r\nDavid’s role has been to review progress, identify and prioritise research gaps and co-ordinate integrated research programmes.\r\nAfter specialising in science at school he went to the University of York to study biology then did his PhD at the UK Government organisation Rothamsted Research and his Post Doc research at the University of Edinburgh where his perspectives were transformed by working on water use by Scotland’s forests.\r\nDavid’s training in carbon uptake and water use led him to explore management options to increase productivity when he began working at the New Zealand Forest Research Institute (now Scion) in Rotorua. The focus developed to improve wood quantity rather than quantity and this in turn led to studying opportunities to increase carbon storage in vegetation and soils to offset greenhouse gas emissions.\r\nDavid says that in New Zealand, interest is growing in ‘regenerative agriculture’ but much of the evidence for success is anecdotal and lacks scientific credibility. “While I am not suggesting that we revolutionise our agricultural practices, I do feel that we need to be more willing to address opportunities provided by, for example, changes to grazing intensity and frequency, multi-species mixed cropping, soil amendments, etc. There is growing evidence that increasing diversity leads to more sustainable, resilient farming systems.”', '', '', '', '', '2019-03-01', '2019-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '641', 'NZAGRC Science Profile', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
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(207, '', 'KuDos to Jiafa Luo of AgResearch', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\r\n<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n<o:AllowPNG/>\r\n</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n</xml><![endif]-->\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&quot;Humbled and\r\nsurprised&#8221; is how AgResearch Senior Scientist and NZAGRC Project Leader Dr Jiafa\r\nLuo describes his reaction to hearing his name read out as the winner of the\r\nGallagher Agricultural Science Award at this year&#8217;s KuDos Hamilton Science\r\nExcellence Awards.</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">He says he didn&#8217;t think he\r\nwould be the winner, as he was up against strong competition from the other\r\nfinalist, LIC (Livestock Improvement Corporation), in the awards, which are\r\nheld annually, celebrating Waikato scientists and their world-leading research\r\nand innovation. As well as agricultural science, the categories include\r\nenvironmental science, medical science, science educator and lab technician.</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Jiafa is a key player in\r\nthe New Zealand nitrous oxide research space and his work is having impacts\r\nboth nationally and internationally. For the past 10 years Jiafa has been planning\r\nand leading many large-scale research programmes investigating country-specific\r\nnitrous oxide emission factors for deposited excreta in grazed pasture systems.\r\nHis work has included investigations into nitrous oxide emissions from sheep,\r\nbeef and dairy cow excreta on a range of soil types, land topographies and\r\nfarming systems throughout New Zealand. Results from his work have directly\r\nimpacted the NZ GHG inventory calculations, making them significantly more\r\naccurate.</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Jiafa has also led several\r\nresearch projects investigating N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from applied nitrogen\r\nfertilisers and farm dairy effluents. The data from these projects is the first\r\nof this kind in New Zealand and has also been used as scientific evidence to\r\nsupport the country-specific N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors for nitrogen\r\nfertilisers and farm dairy effluent in grazed pasture systems. </span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Jiafa has led several\r\nresearch programme objectives examining mitigation technologies and practices\r\nfor reducing N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from grazed pasture systems. The NZAGRC, GPLER\r\nand MPI funded programmes have tested and quantified the economic and\r\nenvironmental benefits from adopting N<sub>2</sub>O mitigation strategies (such\r\nas restricting grazing, nitrification inhibitors, novel plant species, and\r\ntiming of dairy farm effluent and nitrogen fertiliser application) into New\r\nZealand dairy farming systems. Results have been widely used by the pastoral\r\nsector and published in a number of refereed journal and conference papers.</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">Well done Jiafa!</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">See Jiafa in action here: </span><a href=\"https://youtu.be/FUuNppW0bL4\"><span style=\"font-family: &quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif\">https://youtu.be/FUuNppW0bL4</span></a>\r\n</p>\r\n<!--[if gte mso 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Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text Indent\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Continue\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Continue 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Continue 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Continue 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Continue 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Message Header\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"11\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtitle\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Salutation\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Date\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text First Indent\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text First Indent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Note Heading\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text Indent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Body Text Indent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Block Text\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Hyperlink\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"FollowedHyperlink\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"22\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Strong\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"20\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Emphasis\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Document Map\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Plain Text\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"E-mail Signature\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Top of Form\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Bottom of Form\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Normal (Web)\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Acronym\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Address\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Cite\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Code\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Definition\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Keyboard\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Preformatted\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Sample\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Typewriter\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"HTML Variable\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Normal Table\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"annotation subject\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"No List\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Outline List 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Outline List 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Outline List 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Simple 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Simple 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Simple 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Classic 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Classic 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Classic 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Classic 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Colorful 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Colorful 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Colorful 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Columns 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Columns 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Columns 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Columns 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Columns 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 7\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Grid 8\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 7\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table List 8\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table 3D effects 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table 3D effects 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table 3D effects 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Contemporary\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Elegant\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Professional\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Subtle 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Subtle 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Web 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Web 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Web 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Balloon Text\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"Table Grid\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Table Theme\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" Name=\"Placeholder Text\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"1\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"No Spacing\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" SemiHidden=\"true\" Name=\"Revision\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"34\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"List Paragraph\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"29\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Quote\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"30\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Intense Quote\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 1\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 2\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 3\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" Name=\"Light List Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"19\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Subtle Emphasis\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"21\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Intense Emphasis\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"31\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Subtle Reference\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"32\" QFormat=\"true\"\r\nName=\"Intense Reference\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" 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Priority=\"49\" Name=\"List Table 4 Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"50\" Name=\"List Table 5 Dark Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"51\"\r\nName=\"List Table 6 Colorful Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"52\"\r\nName=\"List Table 7 Colorful Accent 4\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"46\"\r\nName=\"List Table 1 Light Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"47\" Name=\"List Table 2 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"48\" Name=\"List Table 3 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"49\" Name=\"List Table 4 Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"50\" Name=\"List Table 5 Dark Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"51\"\r\nName=\"List Table 6 Colorful Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"52\"\r\nName=\"List Table 7 Colorful Accent 5\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"46\"\r\nName=\"List Table 1 Light Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"47\" Name=\"List Table 2 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"48\" Name=\"List Table 3 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"49\" Name=\"List Table 4 Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"50\" Name=\"List Table 5 Dark Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"51\"\r\nName=\"List Table 6 Colorful Accent 6\"/>\r\n<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"52\"\r\nName=\"List Table 7 Colorful Accent 6\"/>\r\n</w:LatentStyles>\r\n</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>\r\n<style>\r\n/* Style Definitions */\r\ntable.MsoNormalTable\r\n{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\";\r\nmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;\r\nmso-tstyle-colband-size:0;\r\nmso-style-noshow:yes;\r\nmso-style-priority:99;\r\nmso-style-parent:\"\";\r\nmso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;\r\nmso-para-margin-top:0cm;\r\nmso-para-margin-right:0cm;\r\nmso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;\r\nmso-para-margin-left:0cm;\r\nline-height:115%;\r\nmso-pagination:widow-orphan;\r\nfont-size:11.0pt;\r\nfont-family:\"Calibri\",sans-serif;\r\nmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;\r\nmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;\r\nmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;\r\nmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;\r\nmso-fareast-language:EN-US;}\r\n</style>\r\n<![endif]-->\r\n', '&quot;Humbled and\r\nsurprised” is how AgResearch Senior Scientist and NZAGRC Project Leader Dr Jiafa\r\nLuo describes his reaction to hearing his name read out as the winner of the\r\nGallagher Agricultural Science Award at this year’s KuDos Hamilton Science\r\nExcellence Awards.\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nHe says he didn’t think he\r\nwould be the winner, as he was up against strong competition from the other\r\nfinalist, LIC (Livestock Improvement Corporation), in the awards, which are\r\nheld annually, celebrating Waikato scientists and their world-leading research\r\nand innovation. As well as agricultural science, the categories include\r\nenvironmental science, medical science, science educator and lab technician.\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nJiafa is a key player in\r\nthe New Zealand nitrous oxide research space and his work is having impacts\r\nboth nationally and internationally. For the past 10 years Jiafa has been planning\r\nand leading many large-scale research programmes investigating country-specific\r\nnitrous oxide emission factors for deposited excreta in grazed pasture systems.\r\nHis work has included investigations into nitrous oxide emissions from sheep,\r\nbeef and dairy cow excreta on a range of soil types, land topographies and\r\nfarming systems throughout New Zealand. Results from his work have directly\r\nimpacted the NZ GHG inventory calculations, making them significantly more\r\naccurate.\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nJiafa has also led several\r\nresearch projects investigating N2O emissions from applied nitrogen\r\nfertilisers and farm dairy effluents. The data from these projects is the first\r\nof this kind in New Zealand and has also been used as scientific evidence to\r\nsupport the country-specific N2O emission factors for nitrogen\r\nfertilisers and farm dairy effluent in grazed pasture systems. \r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nJiafa has led several\r\nresearch programme objectives examining mitigation technologies and practices\r\nfor reducing N2O emissions from grazed pasture systems. The NZAGRC, GPLER\r\nand MPI funded programmes have tested and quantified the economic and\r\nenvironmental benefits from adopting N2O mitigation strategies (such\r\nas restricting grazing, nitrification inhibitors, novel plant species, and\r\ntiming of dairy farm effluent and nitrogen fertiliser application) into New\r\nZealand dairy farming systems. Results have been widely used by the pastoral\r\nsector and published in a number of refereed journal and conference papers.\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nWell done Jiafa!\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nSee Jiafa in action here: https://youtu.be/FUuNppW0bL4', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-24', '2015-11-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '400', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(198, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s agricultural emissions: Efficiency in the whole farm system', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication provides an overview of how the NZAGRC is working with other organisations to understand what efficiencies can be gained on New Zealand\'s sheep and beef farms.</p>', 'This publication provides an overview of how the NZAGRC is working with other organisations to understand what efficiencies can be gained on New Zealand\'s sheep and beef farms.', '', '', '', '', '2015-09-15', '2015-09-15', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '394', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(199, '', 'NZAGRC-PGgRc Newsletter: edition 3', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'Edition 3 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now.\r\n<a href=\"http://eepurl.com/bz9Z8P\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://eepurl.com/bz9Z8P ... - link will open in a new window\">Click here to read</a>\r\n', 'Edition 3 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now.\r\nClick here to read', '', '', '', '', '2015-09-23', '2015-09-23', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '328', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N');
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(200, '', 'Global solutions to reduce methane emissions from ruminant animals are feasible, because the microbes causing the emissions are similar around the world', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nThe New Zealand-led &#8220;Global Rumen Census&#8221; project analysed the microbes responsible for ethane emissions from a wide range of ruminant animals around the world. The project found imilar bacteria and methanogens dominate in nearly all rumens across a wide variety of species and animal diets. This means that new technologies that seek to reduce methane emissions by influencing rumen microbes should have global applications.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe results of the Global Rumen Census were released on 9 October 2015 in the open-access journal <a href=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep14567\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep14567 ... - link will open in a new window\">Scientific Reports</a>.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Global press release</strong> <br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<span class=\"mix_file\"><a href=\"user/file/1026/GlobalRumenCensus-global-release.pdf\" title=\"GRC Global Release\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"pdf\" vspace=\"1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" /> GRC Global Release</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%\">(0.31MB)</span></span>&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>New Zealand press release</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<span class=\"mix_file\"><a href=\"user/file/1027/GlobalRumenCensus-NZ-release.pdf\" title=\"GRC New Zealand Release\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"pdf\" vspace=\"1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" /> GRC New Zealand Release</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%\">(0.34MB)</span></span>&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Science Q&#38;A</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<span class=\"mix_file\"><a href=\"user/file/1028/GlobalRumenCensus-Science-Q%2BA.pdf\" title=\"GRC Q&#38;A\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" border=\"0\" alt=\"pdf\" vspace=\"1\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" /> GRC Q&#38;A</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%\">(0.29MB)</span></span>&#160;<br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Rumen microbial community composition varies with diet and host, but a core microbiome is found across a wide geographical range</strong><br />\r\nG. Henderson, F. Cox, S. Ganesh, A. Jonker, W. Young, P.H. Janssen. 2015. <br />\r\nScientific Reports 5: 14567.<br />\r\n<a href=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep14567\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.nature.com/articles/srep14567 ... - link will open in a new window\">www.nature.com/articles/srep14567 \r\n</a>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'The New Zealand-led “Global Rumen Census” project analysed the microbes responsible for ethane emissions from a wide range of ruminant animals around the world. The project found imilar bacteria and methanogens dominate in nearly all rumens across a wide variety of species and animal diets. This means that new technologies that seek to reduce methane emissions by influencing rumen microbes should have global applications.\r\n\r\n\r\nThe results of the Global Rumen Census were released on 9 October 2015 in the open-access journal Scientific Reports.\r\n\r\n\r\nGlobal press release \r\n\r\n\r\n GRC Global Release (0.31MB) \r\n\r\n\r\nNew Zealand press release\r\n\r\n\r\n GRC New Zealand Release (0.34MB) \r\n\r\n\r\nScience Q&A\r\n\r\n\r\n GRC Q&A (0.29MB) \r\n\r\n\r\nRumen microbial community composition varies with diet and host, but a core microbiome is found across a wide geographical range\r\nG. Henderson, F. Cox, S. Ganesh, A. Jonker, W. Young, P.H. Janssen. 2015. \r\nScientific Reports 5: 14567.\r\nwww.nature.com/articles/srep14567', '', '', '', '', '2015-10-12', '2015-10-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '516', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(201, '', 'Two PhD studentships in New Zealand: Soil carbon stabilisation and resistance to loss', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nThere are two PhD studentships available that will contribute to a wider programme of research funded by the Global Partnership for Livestock Emission Research entitled: MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR INCREASING SOIL CARBON UNDER GRASSLANDS. The PhD students will be based at the University of Waikato (Hamilton, North Island) and Lincoln University (near Christchurch, South Island) and will work closely together to deliver the project objectives. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Background</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nIntensification of pastoral farming is occurring widely throughout New Zealand (NZ) and the effects on soil processes such as soil carbon storage and stabilisation are poorly known. Some evidence suggests that species-diverse pastures and intensification with irrigation can enhance both pasture production and soil carbon storage. But how stable is this stored carbon and what are the factors that affect its resistance to loss? We have assembled an international team with specialist skills to measure and model the impact of these pasture management practices on soil carbon stabilisation and turnover using advanced stable-isotope techniques. Our findings will be used to develop and validate a process-based model (CenW) that will be used to determine management options for increasing soil carbon stabilisation and its resistance to climate change.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>PhD projects</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<u>Project 1:</u> Belowground partitioning and stabilisation of pasture-fixed carbonThis PhD project will focus on determining how species-diverse pastures and intensification with irrigation practices affect the stabilisation of C in soils. It will deploy stable isotope techniques to quantifying the C fixed by pasture species and its partitioning to aboveground and belowground components under the different management system. It will also apply physical, chemical and biological fractionation techniques to evaluate the stability of the soil organic C fixed by pastures. The appointee for project 1 will be based at Lincoln University and the nearby New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Lincoln.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<u>Project 2:</u> Resistance of incorporated soil carbon to lossThis PhD will examine the resistance of stored C to loss in the face of variation in temperature and moisture and physical disturbance. Physical disturbance occurs in pastures during grazing and pasture renewal, whereas temperature and moisture vary naturally and as a product of irrigation and climate change. These disturbances will be used to test and rank the resistance of stored C from different pasture management practices to loss. This project will also use stable isotopes to separate the response of different pools of carbon in soil. The appointee for project 2 will be based at the University of Waikato, within the WaiBER research group (www.waiber.com).\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Award details</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe appointees will each receive a PhD stipend of $27,000 (NZD) per year and have their enrolment fees paid. Funding will be for three years, with provision for a further 6 months of support if required. For more information and to apply for a position, please visit <a href=\"http://www.careers.plantandfood.co.nz\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.careers.plantandfood.co.nz ... - link will open in a new window\">www.careers.plantandfood.co.nz</a> (vacancy number 13948). Applications should include a cover letter with a brief statement of research interests and experience, CV, transcripts and contact information for two referees. Please indicate in your cover letter whether you have a preference for one of the PhD topics and why.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>For more information contact:</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nProf Louis Schipper <a href=\"mailto:%73%63%68%69%70%70%65r%40%77aik%61%74%6f.a%63.%6ez\" title=\"Click to send an email\">schipper@waikato.ac.nz</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nProf Tim Clough <a href=\"mailto:%74imoth%79%2eclo%75g%68@l%69n%63%6f%6cn.%61c%2enz\" title=\"Click to send an email\">timothy.clough@lincoln.ac.nz</a> \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nDr Mike Beare <a href=\"mailto:mi%6b%65%2e%62e%61%72%65@p%6ca%6etan%64%66ood%2e%63o.%6ez\" title=\"Click to send an email\">mike.beare@plantandfood.co.nz</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Applications open 7 October 2015 and close 6 November 2015.</strong> <br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'There are two PhD studentships available that will contribute to a wider programme of research funded by the Global Partnership for Livestock Emission Research entitled: MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR INCREASING SOIL CARBON UNDER GRASSLANDS. The PhD students will be based at the University of Waikato (Hamilton, North Island) and Lincoln University (near Christchurch, South Island) and will work closely together to deliver the project objectives. \r\n\r\n\r\nBackground\r\n\r\n\r\nIntensification of pastoral farming is occurring widely throughout New Zealand (NZ) and the effects on soil processes such as soil carbon storage and stabilisation are poorly known. Some evidence suggests that species-diverse pastures and intensification with irrigation can enhance both pasture production and soil carbon storage. But how stable is this stored carbon and what are the factors that affect its resistance to loss? We have assembled an international team with specialist skills to measure and model the impact of these pasture management practices on soil carbon stabilisation and turnover using advanced stable-isotope techniques. Our findings will be used to develop and validate a process-based model (CenW) that will be used to determine management options for increasing soil carbon stabilisation and its resistance to climate change.\r\n\r\n\r\nPhD projects\r\n\r\n\r\nProject 1: Belowground partitioning and stabilisation of pasture-fixed carbonThis PhD project will focus on determining how species-diverse pastures and intensification with irrigation practices affect the stabilisation of C in soils. It will deploy stable isotope techniques to quantifying the C fixed by pasture species and its partitioning to aboveground and belowground components under the different management system. It will also apply physical, chemical and biological fractionation techniques to evaluate the stability of the soil organic C fixed by pastures. The appointee for project 1 will be based at Lincoln University and the nearby New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, Lincoln.\r\n\r\n\r\nProject 2: Resistance of incorporated soil carbon to lossThis PhD will examine the resistance of stored C to loss in the face of variation in temperature and moisture and physical disturbance. Physical disturbance occurs in pastures during grazing and pasture renewal, whereas temperature and moisture vary naturally and as a product of irrigation and climate change. These disturbances will be used to test and rank the resistance of stored C from different pasture management practices to loss. This project will also use stable isotopes to separate the response of different pools of carbon in soil. The appointee for project 2 will be based at the University of Waikato, within the WaiBER research group (www.waiber.com).\r\n\r\n\r\nAward details\r\n\r\n\r\nThe appointees will each receive a PhD stipend of $27,000 (NZD) per year and have their enrolment fees paid. Funding will be for three years, with provision for a further 6 months of support if required. For more information and to apply for a position, please visit www.careers.plantandfood.co.nz (vacancy number 13948). Applications should include a cover letter with a brief statement of research interests and experience, CV, transcripts and contact information for two referees. Please indicate in your cover letter whether you have a preference for one of the PhD topics and why.\r\n\r\n\r\nFor more information contact:\r\n\r\n\r\nProf Louis Schipper schipper@waikato.ac.nz\r\n\r\n\r\nProf Tim Clough timothy.clough@lincoln.ac.nz \r\n\r\n\r\nDr Mike Beare mike.beare@plantandfood.co.nz\r\n\r\n\r\nApplications open 7 October 2015 and close 6 November 2015.', '', '', '', '', '2015-10-12', '2015-10-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '106', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(202, '', 'Highlights 2015', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p style=\"line-height: 14.85px\">\r\nThis publication summaries the NZAGRC annual report 2014/15.\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 14.85px\">\r\n<a href=\"release,listing,202,highlights-2015.html\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/release,listing,202,highl... - link will open in a new window\">More information</a><br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'This publication summaries the NZAGRC annual report 2014/15.\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-18', '2015-11-18', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '398', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(203, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s Agricultural Emissions: Gibberellins', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">This publication provides an overview of the impact of gibberellins on grazed grasslands and the potential for gibberellins to mitigate farm nitrous oxide emissions.</p>', 'This publication provides an overview of the impact of gibberellins on grazed grasslands and the potential for gibberellins to mitigate farm nitrous oxide emissions.', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-18', '2015-11-18', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '397', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(206, '', 'KuDos to Aaron Wall of Waikato University', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml>\r\n<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n<o:AllowPNG/>\r\n</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n</xml><![endif]-->\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">University of Waikato technician, and a pivotal player in the NZAGRC-funded soil carbon programme, Aaron Wall was a winner in last month&rsquo;s 2015 KuDos Hamilton Science Excellence Awards.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">The School of Science Technical Officer picked up the top award in the Hill Laboratories Laboratory Technologist Award section.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">Aaron spends much of his time expertly managing the Troughton farm site for the NZAGRC programme. &nbsp;Additionally, he also manages the access to the site for related research by AgResearch, Plant and Food Research and Landcare Research. His excellent relationship with the farm owners, and unsung heros of the whole operation, Ben and Sarah, enables everything to run smoothly.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">On top of overseeing what goes on and when at the Troughton site, Aaron is a key part of the NZAGRC research team.&nbsp; He has made considerable novel advances in analysis of eddy covariance data, collation of non-CO<sub>2</sub> data and pushed the team to collect additional data that are now proving to be crucial. Aaron is able to bring together deeply technical analysis tools with on-farm understanding and his colleagues feel extremely lucky to have him in their team.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">Well done Aaron!</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">See Aaron in action here: <a href=\"https://youtu.be/qFYZ4R1f-RA\">https://youtu.be/qFYZ4R1f-RA</a></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; line-height: normal;\">&nbsp;</p>', 'University of Waikato technician, and a pivotal player in the NZAGRC-funded soil carbon programme, Aaron Wall was a winner in last month’s 2015 KuDos Hamilton Science Excellence Awards.\r\n \r\nThe School of Science Technical Officer picked up the top award in the Hill Laboratories Laboratory Technologist Award section.\r\n \r\nAaron spends much of his time expertly managing the Troughton farm site for the NZAGRC programme.  Additionally, he also manages the access to the site for related research by AgResearch, Plant and Food Research and Landcare Research. His excellent relationship with the farm owners, and unsung heros of the whole operation, Ben and Sarah, enables everything to run smoothly.\r\n \r\nOn top of overseeing what goes on and when at the Troughton site, Aaron is a key part of the NZAGRC research team.  He has made considerable novel advances in analysis of eddy covariance data, collation of non-CO2 data and pushed the team to collect additional data that are now proving to be crucial. Aaron is able to bring together deeply technical analysis tools with on-farm understanding and his colleagues feel extremely lucky to have him in their team.\r\n \r\nWell done Aaron!\r\n \r\nSee Aaron in action here: https://youtu.be/qFYZ4R1f-RA', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-24', '2015-11-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '399', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(287, '', 'Dr Cecile de Klein: Principal Investigator', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Cecile is an internationally recognised expert on nitrous oxide emissions from soils. Born and educated in The Netherlands, she came to New Zealand in 1995 following a postdoc in Cambridge, UK. As Principal Investigator of the NZAGRC she co-leads, with Prof HJ Di, the nitrous oxide mitigation research programme.</p>\r\n<p>She also led an international Global Research Alliance project on developing guidelines for measuring N2O emissions using chamber methodologies. Cecile was New Zealand&rsquo;s representative on the international panel to review the IPCC inventory methodology for estimating N2O emissions. In her role as Chair of the national nitrous oxide research network, NzOnet, she works closely with MPI Policy in coordinating and conducting national programmes on N2O emissions to improve the N2O inventory methodology.</p>', 'Cecile is an internationally recognised expert on nitrous oxide emissions from soils. Born and educated in The Netherlands, she came to New Zealand in 1995 following a postdoc in Cambridge, UK. As Principal Investigator of the NZAGRC she co-leads, with Prof HJ Di, the nitrous oxide mitigation research programme.\r\nShe also led an international Global Research Alliance project on developing guidelines for measuring N2O emissions using chamber methodologies. Cecile was New Zealand’s representative on the international panel to review the IPCC inventory methodology for estimating N2O emissions. In her role as Chair of the national nitrous oxide research network, NzOnet, she works closely with MPI Policy in coordinating and conducting national programmes on N2O emissions to improve the N2O inventory methodology.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-16', '2017-05-16', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '632', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(208, '', 'COP21 Agricultural Events', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\n<span class=\"h6\">Overview of thematic events including agriculture and forestry:</span><br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong style=\"color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n</strong><a style=\"color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\" href=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/media/501938/lpaa_program.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/media/501938/lpaa_progr... - link will open in a new window\">http://newsroom.unfccc.int/media/501938/lpaa_program.pdf</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Tuesday 1 December \r\n</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n&#160;The LPAA &quot;Focus on Agriculture&quot; (<a href=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture ... - link will open in a new window\">learn more</a>)\r\nat COP21 aims to show that the transition to a climate-resilient and \r\nlow-GHG agriculture is feasible and already underway by showcasing \r\nexisting solutions. Parties, organisations, and businesses will announce\r\nconcrete, ambitious, multi-stakeholder initiatives to be included in \r\nthe LPAA <a href=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture/showcase-lpaa-initiatives-on-agriculture-call-for-expression-of-interest/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture/showca... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>  \r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"line-height: 11.15pt\" class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nOne of the highlights will be the launch of<em> &quot;4/1000 Initiative: Soils for Food Security and Climate&quot;</em> <a href=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture/join-the-41000-initiative-soils-for-food-security-and-climate\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://newsroom.unfccc.int/lpaa/agriculture/join-t... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more&#160;</a>   \r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\nJRC and CEPI/ICFPA Event<em>:&quot;Assessing transparency and ambition in the land use sector&quot; </em><a style=\"color: #282829; text-decoration: none\" href=\"http://www.i4ce.org/assessing-transparency-and-ambition-in-the-land-use-sector-2/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.i4ce.org/assessing-transparency-and-amb... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Wednesday 2 December</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\nFarmers Day<a style=\"color: #282829; text-decoration: none\" href=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/farmers-day-cop21\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/farmers-day-cop21 ... - link will open in a new window\"> Learn more</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<em>&quot;Colombia&#39;s climate strategies: mitigation, adaptation, Amazon Vision and linkages with agriculture</em>&quot; <a href=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/cop21-side-event-colombias-climate-strategies\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/cop21-side-event-colombias... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Friday 4 December</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\nShort-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) Focus Day <a href=\"http://new.ccacoalition.org/en/events/21st-conference-parties-cop21cmp11\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://new.ccacoalition.org/en/events/21st-confere... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>\r\nSaturday 5 December and Sunday 6 December\r\n</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\nGlobal Landscapes Forum <a href=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/ ... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\nThis includes: \r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<em>&quot;Shaping sustainable supply chains of the future: How to create \r\nlinks between smallholder farmers, companies sourcing raw materials, and\r\nthe environment&quot;</em> <a href=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/agenda-item/day-1-saturday-5-december-2/6-parallel-discussion-forums/sustainable-supply-chains-of-the-future-how-to-create-links-between-smallholder-farmers-companies-sourcing-raw-materials-and-the-environment/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/agenda-item/day... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a><br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<em>&quot;Side event: From farmers&#39; fields to landscapes: Food security in a new climate regime?&quot;</em> <a href=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/agenda-item/2015-glf-day-2-sunday-6-december-2/from-farmers-fields-to-landscapes-food-security-in-a-new-climate-regime-part-1/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.landscapes.org/glf-2015/agenda-item/201... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a> \r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Monday 7 December </strong><br />\r\n<em>&quot;Metrics of progress towards net zero and the two degree goal: science for a safe climate&quot;</em> <a href=\"http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/event/2241\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/event/2241 ... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a> \r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Tuesday 8 December </strong><br />\r\nCCAC High Level Assembly <a href=\"http://climate-l.iisd.org/events/ccac-high-level-assembly-3/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://climate-l.iisd.org/events/ccac-high-level-a... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more \r\n</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p style=\"margin-top: 0px; color: #58595b; font-family: Verdana,Tahoma,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 11px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 14.85px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px\">\r\n<strong>Wednesday 9 December </strong><br />\r\n<em>&quot;Agriculture in a Post-Kyoto Terrain&quot;</em> <a href=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/news/agriculture-in-a-post-kyoto-terrain-wfo-and-oie.html\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/news/agriculture-in-a-post-... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a> \r\n</p>\r\n<strong>Thursday 10 December</strong><br />\r\n<em>&quot;Carbon sequestration and agriculture&quot;</em> <a href=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/es/cop21-side-event-carbon-sequestration-and-agriculture#.VlZjFJvou70\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"https://ccafs.cgiar.org/es/cop21-side-event-carbon... - link will open in a new window\">Learn more</a>\r\n', 'Overview of thematic events including agriculture and forestry:\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nhttp://newsroom.unfccc.int/media/501938/lpaa_program.pdf\r\n\r\n\r\nTuesday 1 December \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n The LPAA &quot;Focus on Agriculture&quot; (learn more)\r\nat COP21 aims to show that the transition to a climate-resilient and \r\nlow-GHG agriculture is feasible and already underway by showcasing \r\nexisting solutions. Parties, organisations, and businesses will announce\r\nconcrete, ambitious, multi-stakeholder initiatives to be included in \r\nthe LPAA Learn more  \r\n\r\n\r\nOne of the highlights will be the launch of &quot;4/1000 Initiative: Soils for Food Security and Climate&quot; Learn more    \r\n\r\n\r\nJRC and CEPI/ICFPA Event:&quot;Assessing transparency and ambition in the land use sector&quot; Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\nWednesday 2 December\r\n\r\n\r\nFarmers Day Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\n&quot;Colombia&#39;s climate strategies: mitigation, adaptation, Amazon Vision and linkages with agriculture&quot; Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\nFriday 4 December\r\n\r\n\r\nShort-Lived Climate Pollutants (SLCP) Focus Day Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nSaturday 5 December and Sunday 6 December\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nGlobal Landscapes Forum Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\nThis includes: \r\n\r\n\r\n&quot;Shaping sustainable supply chains of the future: How to create \r\nlinks between smallholder farmers, companies sourcing raw materials, and\r\nthe environment&quot; Learn more\r\n\r\n\r\n&quot;Side event: From farmers&#39; fields to landscapes: Food security in a new climate regime?&quot; Learn more \r\n\r\n\r\nMonday 7 December \r\n&quot;Metrics of progress towards net zero and the two degree goal: science for a safe climate&quot; Learn more \r\n\r\n\r\nTuesday 8 December \r\nCCAC High Level Assembly Learn more \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nWednesday 9 December \r\n&quot;Agriculture in a Post-Kyoto Terrain&quot; Learn more \r\n\r\nThursday 10 December\r\n&quot;Carbon sequestration and agriculture&quot; Learn more', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-26', '2015-11-26', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(209, '', 'Annual Report 2015', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nThis is the full public annual report for 2014/15\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<a href=\"other,listing,209,annual-report-2015.html\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/other,listing,209,annual-... - link will open in a new window\">More information </a><br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'This is the full public annual report for 2014/15\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-26', '2015-11-26', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '401', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(210, '', 'NZAGRC-PGgRc Newsletter: edition 4', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Edition 4 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now. <a title=\"http://eepurl.com/bHTg6P ... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"http://eepurl.com/bHTg6P\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to read</a></p>', 'Edition 4 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now. Click here to read', '', '', '', '', '2015-11-30', '2015-11-30', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '328', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(211, '', 'FACCE ERA-GAS Call', '', '', 'Funding is available to support New Zealand researchers participating in successful bids to a newly opened European research call on agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.\r\n<p>\r\nERA-GAS is a European Commission co-funded call for research into the &#8216;Monitoring and Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases from Agri- and Silvi-culture&#39;. ERA-GAS aims to strengthen the transnational coordination of research activities and provide added value to research and innovation on GHG mitigation. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nERA-GAS is valued at around &#8364;13.9 million for projects up to three years in duration and is part of Horizon2020, the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. Funding is provided by participating countries, plus a contribution from the European Commission that will be available for European members. For more details see the <a href=\"http://mpi.govt.nz/document-vault/11548\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://mpi.govt.nz/document-vault/11548 ... - link will open in a new window\">Call Announcement</a>. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nMPI has made &#8364;800,000 available to support New Zealand researchers who are part of successful ERA-GAS proposals. These funds draw on the Government&#39;s Allocation for the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA).\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Process and key dates</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<table border=\"1\" width=\"690\" height=\"298\" style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Tahoma,Verdana,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 18px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff\">\r\n	<thead>\r\n	</thead>\r\n	<tbody>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;<strong>Pre-Propsal Stage</strong><br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Call opening</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;5 March 2016<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;First teleconference on NZ participation<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;10 March 2016 11am -12 noon<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Second teleconference on NZ participation<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;17 March 2016 11am - 12 noon<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Deadline for submitting pre-proposals to ERA-GAS portal<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;CET 14:00 29 April 2016<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;<strong>Full-proposals</strong><br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Outcome of Pre-Proposals known<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;19 September 2016<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Deadline to submit full proposals to MPI to obtain required funding letter<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;NZST 17:00 24 November 2016<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Deadline for submission of full proposals to ERA-GAS portal<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;CET 14:00 1 December 2016<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Funding outcome</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;May 2017<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;Expected start date of projects<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;August 2017<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n		<tr>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">&#160;End date for NZ participation in projects<br />\r\n			</td>\r\n			<td style=\"padding: 0px; margin: 0px; vertical-align: top; text-align: left\">\r\n			<p>\r\n			&#160;30 June 2020 <br />\r\n			</p>\r\n			</td>\r\n		</tr>\r\n	</tbody>\r\n</table>\r\n<p>\r\n&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nTeleconference dial in:<br />\r\n0800 449 288<br />\r\nGuest PIN: 312 567 53#\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nMore information regarding the process, portal and New Zealand conditions can be found at <a href=\"http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-res... - link will open in a new window\">http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Tahoma,Verdana,&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: 18px; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 1; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: #ffffff\">NOTE: New Zealand will only fund projects in ERA-GAS research themes 1, 2 and 4</span> <br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Funding is available to support New Zealand researchers participating in successful bids to a newly opened European research call on agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.\r\n\r\nERA-GAS is a European Commission co-funded call for research into the ‘Monitoring and Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases from Agri- and Silvi-culture&#39;. ERA-GAS aims to strengthen the transnational coordination of research activities and provide added value to research and innovation on GHG mitigation. \r\n\r\n\r\nERA-GAS is valued at around €13.9 million for projects up to three years in duration and is part of Horizon2020, the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. Funding is provided by participating countries, plus a contribution from the European Commission that will be available for European members. For more details see the Call Announcement. \r\n\r\n\r\nMPI has made €800,000 available to support New Zealand researchers who are part of successful ERA-GAS proposals. These funds draw on the Government&#39;s Allocation for the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA).\r\n\r\n\r\nProcess and key dates\r\n\r\n\r\n	\r\n	\r\n	\r\n		\r\n			 Pre-Propsal Stage\r\n			\r\n			 \r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Call opening\r\n			 5 March 2016\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 First teleconference on NZ participation\r\n			\r\n			 10 March 2016 11am -12 noon\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Second teleconference on NZ participation\r\n			\r\n			 17 March 2016 11am - 12 noon\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Deadline for submitting pre-proposals to ERA-GAS portal\r\n			\r\n			 CET 14:00 29 April 2016\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Full-proposals\r\n			\r\n			 \r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Outcome of Pre-Proposals known\r\n			\r\n			 19 September 2016\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Deadline to submit full proposals to MPI to obtain required funding letter\r\n			\r\n			 NZST 17:00 24 November 2016\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Deadline for submission of full proposals to ERA-GAS portal\r\n			\r\n			 CET 14:00 1 December 2016\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Funding outcome\r\n			 May 2017\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 Expected start date of projects\r\n			\r\n			 August 2017\r\n			\r\n		\r\n		\r\n			 End date for NZ participation in projects\r\n			\r\n			\r\n			\r\n			 30 June 2020 \r\n			\r\n			\r\n		\r\n	\r\n\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n\r\nTeleconference dial in:\r\n0800 449 288\r\nGuest PIN: 312 567 53#\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information regarding the process, portal and New Zealand conditions can be found at http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research\r\n\r\n\r\nNOTE: New Zealand will only fund projects in ERA-GAS research themes 1, 2 and 4', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-10', '2016-04-29', '29 April 2016', NULL, NULL, '', 'http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research', '309', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(212, '', 'Pasture technology company receives greenhouse gas funding', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"MsoNormal\">Pastoral Robotics Ltd, founded by Aucklanders Geoff Bates and Bert Quin, has received a grant from the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Council (NZAGRC) to help optimisation and on-farm testing of its full-size &lsquo;Spikey&rsquo; prototype. Spikey&reg; is a tow-behind device for dairy farmers to detect and treat fresh cow urine patches, long before they become visible via increased grass growth. &ldquo;By the time they are visible, it is too late to do anything much about reducing either losses of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, or nitrate leaching&rdquo;, says Dr Quin.</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">Geoff Bates said that Spikey&reg; essentially measures soil electrical conductivity to allow detection of fresh urine patches on a daily or every-second-day basis, and simultaneously treat them with the most appropriate spray treatment for the farm&rsquo;s location and soil type. The first product developed, named ORUN&reg;, is a mix of the urease inhibitor nbot and the growth promotant gibberellic acid. Field tests to date show an average 70% increase in nitrogen (N) recovery from the urine patch. The ORUN&reg; keeps the urea in the urine in that form for a few days, allowing the urea to spread out so that more plants access the N. This results in more grass growth from every urine patch, and lower N losses.</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">&ldquo;Calculations indicate that up to 14% more grass can be grown annually&rdquo; said Quin. &ldquo;The main environmental benefit to date has been less nitrate in the soil profile. We are now investigating sprays that will minimise nitrous oxide greenhouse gas emissions in as wide a range of conditions as possible</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">The pair say that unlike most other ways of reducing&nbsp;&nbsp; losses to the environment under investigation, Spikey&reg; is a win-win solution for farmers in that the extra grass growth obtained makes it very cost-effective for farmers to use in its own right. Towing Spikey&reg; over the 3-4 hectares grazed each day would take only 20-30 minutes, they say. &ldquo;On top of this, it will also be possible to apply fertiliser nitrogen at the same time, so for farmers &lsquo;following the cows&rsquo; with fertiliser urea anyway, the increase in time required would be minimal.&rdquo;</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">Pastoral Robotics expects to have an 8-meter width &lsquo;Spikey2&rsquo; ready for farm trials in late March.</span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">-- View a short video of Spikey<span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">&reg;</span><span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">&nbsp;in action<span class=\"h7\">&nbsp;</span></span><a title=\"https://youtu.be/77DfSfaovhc ... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"https://youtu.be/77DfSfaovhc\" target=\"_blank\">https://youtu.be/77DfSfaovhc</a></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">&nbsp;</p>', 'Pastoral Robotics Ltd, founded by Aucklanders Geoff Bates and Bert Quin, has received a grant from the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Council (NZAGRC) to help optimisation and on-farm testing of its full-size ‘Spikey’ prototype. Spikey® is a tow-behind device for dairy farmers to detect and treat fresh cow urine patches, long before they become visible via increased grass growth. “By the time they are visible, it is too late to do anything much about reducing either losses of greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide, or nitrate leaching”, says Dr Quin.\r\nGeoff Bates said that Spikey® essentially measures soil electrical conductivity to allow detection of fresh urine patches on a daily or every-second-day basis, and simultaneously treat them with the most appropriate spray treatment for the farm’s location and soil type. The first product developed, named ORUN®, is a mix of the urease inhibitor nbot and the growth promotant gibberellic acid. Field tests to date show an average 70% increase in nitrogen (N) recovery from the urine patch. The ORUN® keeps the urea in the urine in that form for a few days, allowing the urea to spread out so that more plants access the N. This results in more grass growth from every urine patch, and lower N losses.\r\n \r\n“Calculations indicate that up to 14% more grass can be grown annually” said Quin. “The main environmental benefit to date has been less nitrate in the soil profile. We are now investigating sprays that will minimise nitrous oxide greenhouse gas emissions in as wide a range of conditions as possible\r\nThe pair say that unlike most other ways of reducing   losses to the environment under investigation, Spikey® is a win-win solution for farmers in that the extra grass growth obtained makes it very cost-effective for farmers to use in its own right. Towing Spikey® over the 3-4 hectares grazed each day would take only 20-30 minutes, they say. “On top of this, it will also be possible to apply fertiliser nitrogen at the same time, so for farmers ‘following the cows’ with fertiliser urea anyway, the increase in time required would be minimal.”\r\nPastoral Robotics expects to have an 8-meter width ‘Spikey2’ ready for farm trials in late March.\r\n-- View a short video of Spikey® in action https://youtu.be/77DfSfaovhc', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-21', '2016-03-21', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '402', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
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(268, '', 'Progress with nitrous oxide technologies in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>At the recent NZ agricultural greenhous gas mitigation conference, Dr Cecile de Klein presented an overview of the latest progress with nitrous oxide technology developments. <strong><a href=\"progress-with-nz-nitrous-oxide-technologies.html\">Read more about her presentation</a></strong></p>', 'At the recent NZ agricultural greenhous gas mitigation conference, Dr Cecile de Klein presented an overview of the latest progress with nitrous oxide technology developments. Read more about her presentation', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '489', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(213, '', 'Camilla Gardiner', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nCamilla Gardiner moved to Canterbury from the USA at the end of July 2015. Originally from Seattle, Camilla has had a passion for agriculture since high school. &quot;I spent a term at a farm school in rural Vermont in my third year of high school&quot;, Camilla says. &quot;Four months with forty-five other sixteen year olds, spending three hours a day on the farm plus learning about the land-based environmental sciences. I was hooked&quot;. This interest in farming led Camilla to UC Berkeley to study Environmental Sciences with honours in Soil Biogeochemistry. It was a mentor at Berkeley that encouraged her to investigate PhD options in New Zealand and provided some key contacts. Fortuitously Dr Tim Clough was looking for a student at the time and the rest is now history.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nCamilla\'s previous research work at Berkeley primarily focused on the use of compost to sequester soil carbon, so the move to focus on nitrous oxide and urine patches has involved a steep learning curve. Her PhD project involves studying nitrogen compounds and plant metabolites in urine and identifying those which might minimise N2O emissions. The project started with a literature review and this has produced a number of interesting leads, particularly from plantain. This review is currently being revised for publication, with an aim to publish by mid-2016. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nPreferring to be out in the field, rather than at the lab bench, Camilla is looking forward to her first field trial. She is currently running a lab-scale study, whilst gearing up to a larger on-farm trial. &quot;Planning a big trial is a huge learning experience&quot;, she says. &quot;I\'ve previously only worked with established trials&quot;. Camilla is surrounded by a wealth of knowledge though. &quot;I\'m the youngest member in the team by quite a long way&quot;, says Camilla. &quot;There is a lot of expertise around here to tap into!&quot;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nMoving to New Zealand has turned out to be everything that Camilla thought it would be, and more. As a keen skier and tramper, Camilla has been out exploring the scenic South Island as much as she can. The relaxed kiwi lifestyle is also growing on her. &quot;Up until now I\'ve lived in busy big cities. I love the laid back approach to life here in New Zealand&quot;. <br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Camilla Gardiner moved to Canterbury from the USA at the end of July 2015. Originally from Seattle, Camilla has had a passion for agriculture since high school. &quot;I spent a term at a farm school in rural Vermont in my third year of high school&quot;, Camilla says. &quot;Four months with forty-five other sixteen year olds, spending three hours a day on the farm plus learning about the land-based environmental sciences. I was hooked&quot;. This interest in farming led Camilla to UC Berkeley to study Environmental Sciences with honours in Soil Biogeochemistry. It was a mentor at Berkeley that encouraged her to investigate PhD options in New Zealand and provided some key contacts. Fortuitously Dr Tim Clough was looking for a student at the time and the rest is now history.\r\n\r\n\r\nCamilla\'s previous research work at Berkeley primarily focused on the use of compost to sequester soil carbon, so the move to focus on nitrous oxide and urine patches has involved a steep learning curve. Her PhD project involves studying nitrogen compounds and plant metabolites in urine and identifying those which might minimise N2O emissions. The project started with a literature review and this has produced a number of interesting leads, particularly from plantain. This review is currently being revised for publication, with an aim to publish by mid-2016. \r\n\r\n\r\nPreferring to be out in the field, rather than at the lab bench, Camilla is looking forward to her first field trial. She is currently running a lab-scale study, whilst gearing up to a larger on-farm trial. &quot;Planning a big trial is a huge learning experience&quot;, she says. &quot;I\'ve previously only worked with established trials&quot;. Camilla is surrounded by a wealth of knowledge though. &quot;I\'m the youngest member in the team by quite a long way&quot;, says Camilla. &quot;There is a lot of expertise around here to tap into!&quot;\r\n\r\n\r\nMoving to New Zealand has turned out to be everything that Camilla thought it would be, and more. As a keen skier and tramper, Camilla has been out exploring the scenic South Island as much as she can. The relaxed kiwi lifestyle is also growing on her. &quot;Up until now I\'ve lived in busy big cities. I love the laid back approach to life here in New Zealand&quot;.', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-24', '2016-03-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '404', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(214, '', 'Sheree Balvert', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'Providing funding to students and early career scientists to increase capability in the agricultural greenhouse gas emissions mitigation research area and boost international collaboration is a key activity for the NZAGRC.\r\n<p>\r\nThe NZAGRC nitrous oxide team was joined by two new PhD students in 2015 and they are both now well underway with their studies.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nSheree Balvert has been fascinated by farming from a very young age. She was raised on a dairy farm in the Lake Rotorua catchment area and this led her into the study of fresh water ecology for her Honours and Master\'s degrees. A realisation that research earlier in the farming process may have more of an impact overall led her to a change of direction after completing her study. &quot;Looking at water sometimes felt like being the ambulance at the bottom of the cliff&quot;, says Sheree. &quot;The damage had already been done. By moving to research which focussed on on-farm processes, I felt I could be more effective&quot;.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAbout 10 years ago, Sheree took up a technician role at AgResearch\'s Ruakura campus. Her focus was soil science and nitrogen loss mitigation. Interested in developing her career further, when an NZAGRC PhD project became available in 2015, she decided to resign from her job and move back to study. Sheree feels that she\'s initially had it easier than some PhD students. &quot;I\'m continuing to study in the area that I worked in&quot;, she says. &quot;However, I\'ve still had to learn a whole lot more in a very short space of time&quot;.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nSheree\'s PhD project involves studying a diverse range of forages, their influence on the nitrogen cycle and the loss of N from farm systems. She has a particular interest in brassicas. &quot;My goal is that by understanding the effects of different forages, I can provide farmers with another tool to help them to reduce their environmental impact&quot;, says Sheree. She has just completed a laboratory study assessing the impacts of selected compounds from brassicas on the soil nitrogen cycle and their potential for reducing nitrogen leaching. The next step is to take the promising compounds forward into a field trial. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nOutside of her study, Sheree has a love of getting active in the great NZ outdoors. Whilst she\'s reluctant to call them &quot;adventure&quot; sports, she is a keen scuba-diver, white water kayaker and snow-boarder. One impact of the move back to student life is that, for the foreseeable future, skiing trips will be confined to the North Island. &quot;New Zealand is a fantastic place to work and play&quot;, says Sheree. &quot;I guess that\'s what keeps me here&quot;. \r\n</p>\r\n', 'Providing funding to students and early career scientists to increase capability in the agricultural greenhouse gas emissions mitigation research area and boost international collaboration is a key activity for the NZAGRC.\r\n\r\nThe NZAGRC nitrous oxide team was joined by two new PhD students in 2015 and they are both now well underway with their studies.\r\n\r\n\r\nSheree Balvert has been fascinated by farming from a very young age. She was raised on a dairy farm in the Lake Rotorua catchment area and this led her into the study of fresh water ecology for her Honours and Master\'s degrees. A realisation that research earlier in the farming process may have more of an impact overall led her to a change of direction after completing her study. &quot;Looking at water sometimes felt like being the ambulance at the bottom of the cliff&quot;, says Sheree. &quot;The damage had already been done. By moving to research which focussed on on-farm processes, I felt I could be more effective&quot;.\r\n\r\n\r\nAbout 10 years ago, Sheree took up a technician role at AgResearch\'s Ruakura campus. Her focus was soil science and nitrogen loss mitigation. Interested in developing her career further, when an NZAGRC PhD project became available in 2015, she decided to resign from her job and move back to study. Sheree feels that she\'s initially had it easier than some PhD students. &quot;I\'m continuing to study in the area that I worked in&quot;, she says. &quot;However, I\'ve still had to learn a whole lot more in a very short space of time&quot;.\r\n\r\n\r\nSheree\'s PhD project involves studying a diverse range of forages, their influence on the nitrogen cycle and the loss of N from farm systems. She has a particular interest in brassicas. &quot;My goal is that by understanding the effects of different forages, I can provide farmers with another tool to help them to reduce their environmental impact&quot;, says Sheree. She has just completed a laboratory study assessing the impacts of selected compounds from brassicas on the soil nitrogen cycle and their potential for reducing nitrogen leaching. The next step is to take the promising compounds forward into a field trial. \r\n\r\n\r\nOutside of her study, Sheree has a love of getting active in the great NZ outdoors. Whilst she\'s reluctant to call them &quot;adventure&quot; sports, she is a keen scuba-diver, white water kayaker and snow-boarder. One impact of the move back to student life is that, for the foreseeable future, skiing trips will be confined to the North Island. &quot;New Zealand is a fantastic place to work and play&quot;, says Sheree. &quot;I guess that\'s what keeps me here&quot;.', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-24', '2016-03-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '405', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(215, '', 'Outcomes from the meetings of the Livestock Research Group and Integrative Research Group ', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nOver fifty people attended the recent meeting of the Livestock Research Group in Melbourne, Australia recently. This was the eighth meeting for the group, held 19-20 February 2016 immediately following the international Greenhouse Gas &#38; Animal Agriculture (GGAA) conference. It also encompassed a joint meeting with the GRA\'s newly formed Integrative Research Group (IRG). \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nRepresentation spanned the globe, including two new observers from Tanzania and Uganda, and several key LRG partners - CCAFS, FAO and the World Bank. The meeting traversed the full range of the LRG\'s work plan.&#160; \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Main outcomes</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<em>Current research landscape</em><br />\r\nCountries were interested in learning more about each other\'s domestic research in support of the GRA\'s ambitions, and also about existing capability building projects, programmes and funding mechanisms, including where GHG emissions may not be the primary focus but where this could be added as a component (e.g. livestock productivity and development). A good reference point for this information is the country-specific web pages available in the community section of the <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/community/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/community/ ... - link will open in a new window\">GRA website</a> - countries were encouraged to update their pages via the Secretariat. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<em>Building capability</em><br />\r\nContinuing with capability building, the meeting agreed a central theme for the LRG\'s efforts in this area during 2016 and beyond: Helping countries move towards Tier 2 GHG inventories and designing improved measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) systems for livestock GHGs. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAs the year unfolds, the LRG will look to its partnerships with other key organisations working in this area to prioritise and develop a programme of activity in this growing area of interest. Opportunities exist with CCAFS and the World Bank to strengthen tools, training and processes for countries to measure, report and verify their livestock GHG emissions and to improve how national GHG inventories capture information on gains in livestock productivity. The LRG will also work with CCAFS to compile existing capability building materials on livestock GHG research into an open access information platform. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe LRG\'s flagship capability building project (partnering with FAO and drawing on funding from the Climate  &#38; Clean Air Coalition and the New Zealand Government), &#8216;<a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/LRG-SAI-Best-Practice-Guidelines-20141.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploa... - link will open in a new window\">Reducing enteric methane for improving food security and livelihoods</a>\' was discussed as stage 1 of this initiative is scheduled to come to an end during 2016. Stage 1 has focused on identifying and prioritising high potential areas for mitigation in ruminant livestock production systems in various regions, aiming to design cost-effective technical &#8216;intervention packages\' that can deliver multiple benefits on farms. The meeting agreed the importance of pursuing a second stage for the project, which would see the intervention packages tested on farms and scaled up for widespread implementation.  \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<em>Collaborative research / Research networks and databases</em><br />\r\nA core focus of the LRG\'s meeting agenda was the work of the research networks with a dynamic breakout group session to discuss their recent achievements and hear their ideas for priority collaborative research during 2016 and beyond, along with identifying possible funding mechanisms to support this future work (including ERA-GAS call).&#160; \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nIn addition, the meeting received an update on the development of a regional network for Mediterranean countries, led by Italy. This will focus initially on a multidisciplinary approach to water resources and quality, mycotoxins in feed, heat stress tolerances and vector borne diseases. Countries interested in being involved should contact Giacomo Pirlo (giacomo.pirlo@entecra.it).\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<em>Good practice guidance and methodologies</em><br />\r\nThe LRG\'s Manure Management Network indicated that it would like to review the existing N2O Chamber Methodology Guidelines and update and expand them as necessary. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<em>Policy support and links to international initiatives</em><br />\r\nInterest was expressed in translating the very popular joint LRG and SAI-Platform industry publication, &#8216;<a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/LRG-SAI-Best-Practice-Guidelines-20141.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploa... - link will open in a new window\">Reducing GHG emissions from livestock: best practice and emerging options\'</a>, into other languages. We are hoping that this may soon be available in French, Spanish and possibly Thai. The LRG will also work with the SAI-Platform to hold joint seminars in various regions that extend on that publication, showcasing industry/science partnerships that are already reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAn opportunity was identified for the LRG to assist the World Bank in developing a programme to guide investors to large-scale implementation of sustainable livestock, including addressing emissions intensity. Opportunities for increased engagement with the FAO were also identified, including via the <a href=\"http://www.livestockdialogue.org/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.livestockdialogue.org/ ... - link will open in a new window\">Global Agenda on Sustainable Livestock (GASL)</a> and the <a href=\"http://www.fao.org/partnerships/leap/en/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.fao.org/partnerships/leap/en/ ... - link will open in a new window\">Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance Partnership</a>. The meeting also received a demonstration of the new FAO tool to support countries tackling climate change through livestock production, GLEAM-i, which enables governments, industry, producers and others to calculate emissions and emissions reductions from various interventions using Tier 2 inventory methods. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>The next meeting of the LRG will be held in Washington DC, USA in April 2017. More details will be sent towards the end of this year.</strong> \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Joint discussions with the Integrative Research Group</strong><br />\r\nA core part of this year\'s LRG meeting was a joint meeting with the GRA\'s newly formed IRG. This group was agreed at the 2015 GRA Council meeting as a merger of the previous two cross-cutting groups on soil C and N cycling, and inventories and monitoring issues. The joint meeting was co-chaired by Australia, Canada and France as the Co-chairs of the IRG. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe IRG Co-chairs outlined the scope of the new group as being focused on the estimation, monitoring and projection of GHG emissions within and across agricultural systems. Its activities will centre around a series of networks on different integrative issues across the GRA:\r\n</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n	<li>Grasslands network: transfers and builds on the existing LRG network</li>\r\n	<li>Soil carbon sequestration network: new, but builds on work started across the GRA</li>\r\n	<li>Field scale modelling network: builds on existing work from the former Soil C &#38; N Cross-Cutting Group</li>\r\n	<li>Farm scale and regional modelling network: new, but builds on work started across the GRA</li>\r\n	<li>GHG inventories network: builds on existing work from the former Inventories &#38; Monitoring Cross-Cutting Group</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p>\r\nThe joint meeting identified possible short and longer-term activities for these network, including a potential connection with the French <a href=\"http://4p1000.org/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://4p1000.org/ ... - link will open in a new window\">4&#8240; Initiative</a> on soil carbon for food security and climate change. The IRG Co-chairs underscored the importance of identifying key audiences and end users for the group\'s work and of packaging their outputs appropriately. This point was picked up throughout the wider LRG meeting as well. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Over fifty people attended the recent meeting of the Livestock Research Group in Melbourne, Australia recently. This was the eighth meeting for the group, held 19-20 February 2016 immediately following the international Greenhouse Gas & Animal Agriculture (GGAA) conference. It also encompassed a joint meeting with the GRA\'s newly formed Integrative Research Group (IRG). \r\n\r\n\r\nRepresentation spanned the globe, including two new observers from Tanzania and Uganda, and several key LRG partners - CCAFS, FAO and the World Bank. The meeting traversed the full range of the LRG\'s work plan.  \r\n\r\n\r\nMain outcomes\r\n\r\n\r\nCurrent research landscape\r\nCountries were interested in learning more about each other\'s domestic research in support of the GRA\'s ambitions, and also about existing capability building projects, programmes and funding mechanisms, including where GHG emissions may not be the primary focus but where this could be added as a component (e.g. livestock productivity and development). A good reference point for this information is the country-specific web pages available in the community section of the GRA website - countries were encouraged to update their pages via the Secretariat. \r\n\r\n\r\nBuilding capability\r\nContinuing with capability building, the meeting agreed a central theme for the LRG\'s efforts in this area during 2016 and beyond: Helping countries move towards Tier 2 GHG inventories and designing improved measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) systems for livestock GHGs. \r\n\r\n\r\nAs the year unfolds, the LRG will look to its partnerships with other key organisations working in this area to prioritise and develop a programme of activity in this growing area of interest. Opportunities exist with CCAFS and the World Bank to strengthen tools, training and processes for countries to measure, report and verify their livestock GHG emissions and to improve how national GHG inventories capture information on gains in livestock productivity. The LRG will also work with CCAFS to compile existing capability building materials on livestock GHG research into an open access information platform. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe LRG\'s flagship capability building project (partnering with FAO and drawing on funding from the Climate  & Clean Air Coalition and the New Zealand Government), ‘Reducing enteric methane for improving food security and livelihoods\' was discussed as stage 1 of this initiative is scheduled to come to an end during 2016. Stage 1 has focused on identifying and prioritising high potential areas for mitigation in ruminant livestock production systems in various regions, aiming to design cost-effective technical ‘intervention packages\' that can deliver multiple benefits on farms. The meeting agreed the importance of pursuing a second stage for the project, which would see the intervention packages tested on farms and scaled up for widespread implementation.  \r\n\r\n\r\nCollaborative research / Research networks and databases\r\nA core focus of the LRG\'s meeting agenda was the work of the research networks with a dynamic breakout group session to discuss their recent achievements and hear their ideas for priority collaborative research during 2016 and beyond, along with identifying possible funding mechanisms to support this future work (including ERA-GAS call).  \r\n\r\n\r\nIn addition, the meeting received an update on the development of a regional network for Mediterranean countries, led by Italy. This will focus initially on a multidisciplinary approach to water resources and quality, mycotoxins in feed, heat stress tolerances and vector borne diseases. Countries interested in being involved should contact Giacomo Pirlo (giacomo.pirlo@entecra.it).\r\n\r\n\r\nGood practice guidance and methodologies\r\nThe LRG\'s Manure Management Network indicated that it would like to review the existing N2O Chamber Methodology Guidelines and update and expand them as necessary. \r\n\r\n\r\nPolicy support and links to international initiatives\r\nInterest was expressed in translating the very popular joint LRG and SAI-Platform industry publication, ‘Reducing GHG emissions from livestock: best practice and emerging options\', into other languages. We are hoping that this may soon be available in French, Spanish and possibly Thai. The LRG will also work with the SAI-Platform to hold joint seminars in various regions that extend on that publication, showcasing industry/science partnerships that are already reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production. \r\n\r\n\r\nAn opportunity was identified for the LRG to assist the World Bank in developing a programme to guide investors to large-scale implementation of sustainable livestock, including addressing emissions intensity. Opportunities for increased engagement with the FAO were also identified, including via the Global Agenda on Sustainable Livestock (GASL) and the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance Partnership. The meeting also received a demonstration of the new FAO tool to support countries tackling climate change through livestock production, GLEAM-i, which enables governments, industry, producers and others to calculate emissions and emissions reductions from various interventions using Tier 2 inventory methods. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe next meeting of the LRG will be held in Washington DC, USA in April 2017. More details will be sent towards the end of this year. \r\n\r\n\r\nJoint discussions with the Integrative Research Group\r\nA core part of this year\'s LRG meeting was a joint meeting with the GRA\'s newly formed IRG. This group was agreed at the 2015 GRA Council meeting as a merger of the previous two cross-cutting groups on soil C and N cycling, and inventories and monitoring issues. The joint meeting was co-chaired by Australia, Canada and France as the Co-chairs of the IRG. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe IRG Co-chairs outlined the scope of the new group as being focused on the estimation, monitoring and projection of GHG emissions within and across agricultural systems. Its activities will centre around a series of networks on different integrative issues across the GRA:\r\n\r\n\r\n	Grasslands network: transfers and builds on the existing LRG network\r\n	Soil carbon sequestration network: new, but builds on work started across the GRA\r\n	Field scale modelling network: builds on existing work from the former Soil C & N Cross-Cutting Group\r\n	Farm scale and regional modelling network: new, but builds on work started across the GRA\r\n	GHG inventories network: builds on existing work from the former Inventories & Monitoring Cross-Cutting Group\r\n\r\n\r\nThe joint meeting identified possible short and longer-term activities for these network, including a potential connection with the French 4‰ Initiative on soil carbon for food security and climate change. The IRG Co-chairs underscored the importance of identifying key audiences and end users for the group\'s work and of packaging their outputs appropriately. This point was picked up throughout the wider LRG meeting as well.', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-24', '2016-03-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '239', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(216, '', 'PICK OF THE COP: KEY OUTCOMES OF THE PARIS CLIMATE CHANGE CONFERENCE', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nHistory was made on 12 December 2015, when the gavel went down on a new global climate change agreement at the 21st UN climate change conference (COP 21) in Paris. For the first time in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) two-decade history, all governments have agreed to act on climate change, and all will transition to a low carbon economy over the course of this century. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe UNFCCC\'s biggest stumbling block has been its approach that placed legal obligations only on developed countries (OECD members in 1990) to reduce emissions, while the rest of the world took voluntary action. Under the Paris Agreement, the playing field is now level for developed and developing countries, though the former will continue to provide financial and capacity-building support to help the developing world reduce emissions and build resilience to the impacts of climate change. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe new agreement represents a shift from imposed burden-sharing to a vision combining global rules with action to be determined by each country, in line with its national circumstances. This combination sets up a kind of bounded flexibility. Everyone is to take action on emissions, plan for adaptation, apply agreed methodologies and accounting approaches, report and be reviewed on their progress, and will commit to increasingly ambitious targets. . But each country decides for itself how much it can do.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nBy the time we got to Paris, 189 governments had tabled their intended post-2020 contributions. You can count the number of non-submitters on the fingers of one hand, so this is a real game-changer. The majority of countries\' intended contributions (and all those from developed countries) are economy-wide, though many developing countries submitted targets to reduce the emissions-intensity of their economies (i.e. bending the growth curve) and/or made their contributions at least partly conditional on finance.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nUnsurprisingly, given the political sensitivity of discussions in the UNFCCC, agriculture is neither treated differently from other sectors, nor excluded from the Paris Agreement. There are two key aspects to the deal. First, an expectation that governments will move over time to economy-wide absolute emissions reduction targets (and not slip back to sector-specific targets). Second, there are explicit references to the importance of food security and the need to ensure food production isn\'t compromised, appearing in both the preamble and Article 2 of the Agreement. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe accounting approaches to apply for second and subsequent national contributions will be elaborated before the agreement enters into effect in 2020. But COP 21 clarified that countries will be able to draw on existing accounting guidelines - meaning either those spelled out under the UNFCCC or (as New Zealand uses) its Kyoto Protocol.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThis outcome opens the door for a multilateral conversation on agriculture - one we started in the lead-up to and at COP 21. We\'ll take the lead in looking for opportunities to discuss how these twin objectives - of not limiting food production and at the same time reducing greenhouse gas emissions - can sensibly be met. The next opportunity is a series of UNFCCC technical workshops, beginning in May.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nA work programme, laid out in Paris, will put flesh on the bones of the 11-page Paris Agreement by elaborating a plethora of rules, guidelines and procedures before 2020. For New Zealand, Paris was the best outcome we could have hoped for - especially with a substantial provision and work programme on carbon markets. The agreement creates a new frontier, but there\'s plenty of negotiation to keep us busy so we\'re all well-prepared for its implementation.<br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'History was made on 12 December 2015, when the gavel went down on a new global climate change agreement at the 21st UN climate change conference (COP 21) in Paris. For the first time in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) two-decade history, all governments have agreed to act on climate change, and all will transition to a low carbon economy over the course of this century. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe UNFCCC\'s biggest stumbling block has been its approach that placed legal obligations only on developed countries (OECD members in 1990) to reduce emissions, while the rest of the world took voluntary action. Under the Paris Agreement, the playing field is now level for developed and developing countries, though the former will continue to provide financial and capacity-building support to help the developing world reduce emissions and build resilience to the impacts of climate change. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe new agreement represents a shift from imposed burden-sharing to a vision combining global rules with action to be determined by each country, in line with its national circumstances. This combination sets up a kind of bounded flexibility. Everyone is to take action on emissions, plan for adaptation, apply agreed methodologies and accounting approaches, report and be reviewed on their progress, and will commit to increasingly ambitious targets. . But each country decides for itself how much it can do.\r\n\r\nBy the time we got to Paris, 189 governments had tabled their intended post-2020 contributions. You can count the number of non-submitters on the fingers of one hand, so this is a real game-changer. The majority of countries\' intended contributions (and all those from developed countries) are economy-wide, though many developing countries submitted targets to reduce the emissions-intensity of their economies (i.e. bending the growth curve) and/or made their contributions at least partly conditional on finance.\r\n\r\n\r\nUnsurprisingly, given the political sensitivity of discussions in the UNFCCC, agriculture is neither treated differently from other sectors, nor excluded from the Paris Agreement. There are two key aspects to the deal. First, an expectation that governments will move over time to economy-wide absolute emissions reduction targets (and not slip back to sector-specific targets). Second, there are explicit references to the importance of food security and the need to ensure food production isn\'t compromised, appearing in both the preamble and Article 2 of the Agreement. \r\n\r\n\r\nThe accounting approaches to apply for second and subsequent national contributions will be elaborated before the agreement enters into effect in 2020. But COP 21 clarified that countries will be able to draw on existing accounting guidelines - meaning either those spelled out under the UNFCCC or (as New Zealand uses) its Kyoto Protocol.\r\n\r\n\r\nThis outcome opens the door for a multilateral conversation on agriculture - one we started in the lead-up to and at COP 21. We\'ll take the lead in looking for opportunities to discuss how these twin objectives - of not limiting food production and at the same time reducing greenhouse gas emissions - can sensibly be met. The next opportunity is a series of UNFCCC technical workshops, beginning in May.\r\n\r\n\r\nA work programme, laid out in Paris, will put flesh on the bones of the 11-page Paris Agreement by elaborating a plethora of rules, guidelines and procedures before 2020. For New Zealand, Paris was the best outcome we could have hoped for - especially with a substantial provision and work programme on carbon markets. The agreement creates a new frontier, but there\'s plenty of negotiation to keep us busy so we\'re all well-prepared for its implementation.', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-24', '2016-03-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '407', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(217, '', 'FACCE ERA-NET ERA-GAS call', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nERA-NET for Monitoring and Mitigation of Greenhouse gases from Agri- and Silvi-culture (ERA-GAS) call for proposals is open. ERA-GAS aims to strengthen the transnational coordination of research activities and provide added value to research and innovation on GHG mitigation. The deadline for submission of pre-proposals is 3 May 2016, 14:00 CET.<br />\r\n <br />\r\nYou can find more information at <a href=\"http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA-GAS/ERA-GAS-Call-is-open\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA... - link will open in a new window\">http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA-GAS/ERA-GAS-Call-is-openNew</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<a href=\"http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA-GAS/ERA-GAS-Call-is-open\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA... - link will open in a new window\">New</a> Zealand is a partner in the call and funding is available for New Zealand researchers to participate. Information about New Zealand participation in the call can be found at <a href=\"http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-res... - link will open in a new window\">http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Questions?</strong><br />\r\nNew Zealand researchers who are interested in participating in proposals are encouraged to contact the <a href=\"mailto:%65%6e%71u%69ry%40%6ez%61gr%63.%6frg.nz\" title=\"Click to send an email\">NZAGRC</a> to discuss the process and ask questions.<br />\r\n</p>\r\n', 'ERA-NET for Monitoring and Mitigation of Greenhouse gases from Agri- and Silvi-culture (ERA-GAS) call for proposals is open. ERA-GAS aims to strengthen the transnational coordination of research activities and provide added value to research and innovation on GHG mitigation. The deadline for submission of pre-proposals is 3 May 2016, 14:00 CET.\r\n \r\nYou can find more information at http://www.faccejpi.com/FACCE-Joint-activities/ERA-GAS/ERA-GAS-Call-is-openNew\r\n\r\n\r\nNew Zealand is a partner in the call and funding is available for New Zealand researchers to participate. Information about New Zealand participation in the call can be found at http://archive.mpi.govt.nz/environment-natural-resources/climate-change/research-and-funded-projects/nz-participation-in-the-european-era-gas-research\r\n\r\n\r\nQuestions?\r\nNew Zealand researchers who are interested in participating in proposals are encouraged to contact the NZAGRC to discuss the process and ask questions.', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-24', '2016-03-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '408', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(218, '', 'NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter: edition 5', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'Edition&#160;5 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now. <a href=\"http://eepurl.com/bVM-qH\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://eepurl.com/bVM-qH ... - link will open in a new window\"><u><font color=\"#0066cc\">Click here to read</font></u></a>\r\n', 'Edition 5 of the NZAGRC-PGgRc newsletter is available now. Click here to read', '', '', '', '', '2016-03-29', '2016-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '328', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(219, '', 'Improved productivity reduces GHGs and improves food security and livelihoods', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><a title=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/media/k2/attachments/2016-0... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/media/k2/attachments/2016-03_WFO_Farmletter_ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Article at http://www.wfo-oma.com/farmletters.html </a></p>\r\n<p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong><br /> This project is a collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (www.fao.org) and the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre, funded by the Climate and Clean Air Coalition, the FAO and the New Zealand Government in support of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p><a title=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/media/k2/attachments/2016-0... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"http://www.wfo-oma.com/media/k2/attachments/2016-03_WFO_Farmletter_ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Download full Farmletter March 2016</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"user/file/1152/2016-03_WFO_Farmletter_ENG_p14-16.pdf\">Download pages 14-16</a></p>', 'Article at http://www.wfo-oma.com/farmletters.html \r\nAcknowledgements This project is a collaboration between the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (www.fao.org) and the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre, funded by the Climate and Clean Air Coalition, the FAO and the New Zealand Government in support of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases. \r\nDownload full Farmletter March 2016\r\nDownload pages 14-16', '', '', '', '', '2016-04-01', '2016-04-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', 'http://www.wfo-oma.com/farmletters.html', '371', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(220, '', 'PhD Opportunity: Stabilized carbon in Grasslands Management', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'Visit <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/n/phd-opportunity-stabilized-carbon-in-grasslands-management/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/n/phd-opportunit... - link will open in a new window\">globalresearchalliance.org /n/phd-opportunity-stabilized-carbon-in-grasslands-management/</a> for more information<br />\r\n', 'Visit globalresearchalliance.org /n/phd-opportunity-stabilized-carbon-in-grasslands-management/ for more information', '', '', '', '', '2016-04-19', '2016-04-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '101', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(221, '', 'Public Talk: How science can inform the world?s response to climate change', '', '', '<p>\r\nMore information: <a href=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/media/2016/04/JimSkea_publictalksflyer.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/media/2016/04/JimSk... - link will open in a new window\">View flyer</a><br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nRegister at <a href=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-sci... - link will open in a new window\">www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<a href=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-sci... - link will open in a new window\"><strong>Professor Jim Skea, Co-Chair of Working Group 3 for the next IPCC Assessment Report</strong></a>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe Paris Climate Agreement was adopted in December 2015 and on Earth Day, 22 April, the leading countries will  formally sign up to it.   What role can science play in allowing us to meet the obligations of this agreement, particularly the new aspiration to limit temperature increase to below 1.5 &#176;C? The Paris agreement reflected the insights and major conclusions of the Intergovernmental  Panel on Climate Change&#39;s (IPCC) fifth Assessment Report and the sixth is being planned. What role will  &quot;solution science&quot; have in the future to help us adapt to a warming climate,  reduce emissions to limit warming and allow us to continue to develop our economies and lifestyles but in a sustainable way?\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nJim Skea is in New Zealand to launch the findings of the Royal Society of New Zealand expert panel on Climate change mitigation options for New Zealand. He is also giving two public talks in Wellington and Auckland.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nWith grateful thanks to British High Commission, Climate Change Research Institute, Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority (EECA), Massey University, Ministry for the Environment, Morgan Foundation, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre and Pure Advantage whose financial support has enabled Professor Jim Skea to travel to New Zealand.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAll lectures are free and open to the general public. However, to ensure a seat, please register at <a href=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"http://www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-sci... - link will open in a new window\">www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science</a><br />\r\nEnquiries: 04 470 5781 or <a href=\"mailto:%6ce%63tu%72%65s%40%72oya%6cs%6f%63ie%74%79%2eor%67%2e%6e%7a\" title=\"Click to send an email\">lectures@royalsociety.org.nz</a>\r\n</p>\r\n<br />\r\n', 'More information: View flyer\r\n\r\n\r\nRegister at www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science\r\n\r\n\r\nProfessor Jim Skea, Co-Chair of Working Group 3 for the next IPCC Assessment Report\r\n\r\n\r\nThe Paris Climate Agreement was adopted in December 2015 and on Earth Day, 22 April, the leading countries will  formally sign up to it.   What role can science play in allowing us to meet the obligations of this agreement, particularly the new aspiration to limit temperature increase to below 1.5 °C? The Paris agreement reflected the insights and major conclusions of the Intergovernmental  Panel on Climate Change&#39;s (IPCC) fifth Assessment Report and the sixth is being planned. What role will  &quot;solution science&quot; have in the future to help us adapt to a warming climate,  reduce emissions to limit warming and allow us to continue to develop our economies and lifestyles but in a sustainable way?\r\n\r\n\r\nJim Skea is in New Zealand to launch the findings of the Royal Society of New Zealand expert panel on Climate change mitigation options for New Zealand. He is also giving two public talks in Wellington and Auckland.\r\n\r\n\r\nWith grateful thanks to British High Commission, Climate Change Research Institute, Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority (EECA), Massey University, Ministry for the Environment, Morgan Foundation, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre and Pure Advantage whose financial support has enabled Professor Jim Skea to travel to New Zealand.\r\n\r\n\r\nAll lectures are free and open to the general public. However, to ensure a seat, please register at www.royalsociety.org.nz/events/solution-science\r\nEnquiries: 04 470 5781 or lectures@royalsociety.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2016-04-26', '2016-04-27', '6pm', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N');
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(222, '', 'Global greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture should be reduced by 1 gigatonne in 2030, but less than half of this is possible with current options - international study', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<div style=\"color: #606060; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify\">\r\nA global team of scientists, including one from New Zealand, has estimated that emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases from agriculture should be reduced by about 1 gigatonne (1 billion tonnes)&#160;annually by 2030 to help achieve the goals set at last year&#8217;s global climate change conference in&#160;Paris. The Paris conference confirmed a long-term goal of limiting warming from climate change to&#160;well below 2&#176;C above pre-industrial levels.\r\n</div>\r\n<div style=\"color: #606060; font-family: Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 18px; text-align: justify\">\r\n<br />\r\nThe authors of the study argue that focusing emissions reductions only on sectors such as energy&#160;and transport (where emissions will need to be reduced close to zero well before the end of the&#160;century) would be insufficient to meet the temperature goal set by the new climate agreement.&#160;They say that agriculture must also play its part, proposing that the global institutions concerned&#160;with agriculture and food security set a sectoral emissions target for agriculture linked to the 2&#176;C&#160;warming limit. Yet their detailed analysis revealed a major gap between the existing mitigation&#160;options for the agriculture sector and the reductions needed: currently and readily available&#160;interventions would only deliver between 21-40% of the mitigation required.&#160;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nDr Andy Reisinger, co-author of this study and Deputy Director of the New Zealand Agricultural&#160;Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC), says the study serves as both a benchmark and wakeup&#160;call. &#8220;More than one hundred countries have indicated in their national climate change targets&#160;that they would like to reduce emissions from agriculture, but few have a clear plan for how to&#160;achieve this or how much they can achieve. We know that increasing the adoption of best practices&#160;for efficient and productive farm systems is a key element, but these alone are not enough. It will&#160;take much more coordinated efforts between national and global institutions concerned with&#160;agriculture and food security to make the progress that is needed.&#8221;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nDr Reisinger says that the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA), a&#160;voluntary international initiative instigated by New Zealand, is making important contributions to&#160;this goal. &#8220;For many developing countries, food security, not greenhouse gas mitigation, is an&#160;overriding concern. Our work in the GRA is focussed on demonstrating that there are important&#160;synergies between increasing the productivity and efficiency of their farm systems and reducing the&#160;emissions per unit of food they produce. The more we can engage those countries in a conversation&#160;that encompasses both those elements, the better we can ensure that there is enough food to feed&#160;the planet without putting the planet itself at serious risk.&#8221;&#160;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nWith support from the New Zealand Government, the NZAGRC is working with the Food and&#160;Agriculture Organisation in a United Nations sponsored project to identify regionally tailored ways of&#160;reducing greenhouse gas emissions from key livestock systems through increasing productivity and&#160;efficiency. Current focus areas are the southern cone of South America, East and West Africa, and&#160;South Asia. An extension of this approach is planned to South-East Asia.&#160;<br />\r\n<br />\r\nBut even with increased efficiency gains, Dr Reisinger says, new and additional solutions to reduce&#160;emissions without compromising food security will be needed. The government-funded NZAGRC is&#160;working in partnership with the industry-government joint venture, the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas&#160;Research Consortium, to develop additional ways for farmers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions&#160;from livestock. This includes the identification of naturally lower emitting animals for targeted&#160;breeding, development of animal-safe compounds that can suppress the generation of methane in&#160;the rumen of animals, and searching for ways to reduce emissions of nitrous oxide and to increase&#160;the amount of carbon stored in pastoral soils.<br />\r\n<br />\r\nDr Harry Clark, Director of the NZAGRC and Co-Chair of the Livestock Research Group of the GRA,&#160;says that this study supports the approach that New Zealand has adopted for reducing agricultural&#160;GHG emissions. Improvements in production efficiency are a crucial component of reducing&#160;agricultural greenhouse gas emissions but they are not enough on their own, given the increasing&#160;global population and associated demand for food. Hence the NZAGRC and the PGgRc have focussed&#160;on the development of new technologies that can make a large contribution to reducing overall&#160;emissions from agriculture. &#8220;New Zealand, in a partnership between government, science and&#160;industry is at the forefront of developing such new technologies. If successfully developed and&#160;implemented, these technologies will have global as well as local impact and would make the type of&#160;contribution the authors point out is needed for the world to achieve the target it set in Paris&#8221;.<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<strong>The full paper will be available at&#160;</strong><a style=\"word-wrap: break-word; color: #86b83c\" href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13340\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13340</strong></a><br />\r\n<br />\r\nFor more information please contact:<br />\r\n<br />\r\n<strong>Andy Reisinger&#160;</strong><br />\r\n021 613 125<br />\r\n<a style=\"word-wrap: break-word; color: #86b83c\" href=\"mailto:andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz?subject=Media%20release%3A%2017%20May%202016\" target=\"_blank\">andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz</a><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<strong>Harry Clark&#160;</strong><br />\r\n029 351 8111<br />\r\n<a style=\"word-wrap: break-word; color: #86b83c\" href=\"mailto:harry.clark@nzagrc.org.nz?subject=Media%20Release%3A%2017%20May%202016\" target=\"_blank\">harry.clark@nzagrc.org.nz</a><br />\r\n<br />\r\n<strong>Visit:</strong><br />\r\n<a style=\"word-wrap: break-word; color: #86b83c\" href=\"/\" target=\"_blank\">www.nzagrc.org.nz</a><br />\r\n<a style=\"word-wrap: break-word; color: #86b83c\" href=\"http://www.globalresearchalliance.org/\" target=\"_blank\">www.globalresearchalliance.org</a>\r\n</div>\r\n', 'A global team of scientists, including one from New Zealand, has estimated that emissions of non-CO2 greenhouse gases from agriculture should be reduced by about 1 gigatonne (1 billion tonnes) annually by 2030 to help achieve the goals set at last year’s global climate change conference in Paris. The Paris conference confirmed a long-term goal of limiting warming from climate change to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe authors of the study argue that focusing emissions reductions only on sectors such as energy and transport (where emissions will need to be reduced close to zero well before the end of the century) would be insufficient to meet the temperature goal set by the new climate agreement. They say that agriculture must also play its part, proposing that the global institutions concerned with agriculture and food security set a sectoral emissions target for agriculture linked to the 2°C warming limit. Yet their detailed analysis revealed a major gap between the existing mitigation options for the agriculture sector and the reductions needed: currently and readily available interventions would only deliver between 21-40% of the mitigation required. \r\n\r\nDr Andy Reisinger, co-author of this study and Deputy Director of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC), says the study serves as both a benchmark and wakeup call. “More than one hundred countries have indicated in their national climate change targets that they would like to reduce emissions from agriculture, but few have a clear plan for how to achieve this or how much they can achieve. We know that increasing the adoption of best practices for efficient and productive farm systems is a key element, but these alone are not enough. It will take much more coordinated efforts between national and global institutions concerned with agriculture and food security to make the progress that is needed.”\r\n\r\nDr Reisinger says that the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA), a voluntary international initiative instigated by New Zealand, is making important contributions to this goal. “For many developing countries, food security, not greenhouse gas mitigation, is an overriding concern. Our work in the GRA is focussed on demonstrating that there are important synergies between increasing the productivity and efficiency of their farm systems and reducing the emissions per unit of food they produce. The more we can engage those countries in a conversation that encompasses both those elements, the better we can ensure that there is enough food to feed the planet without putting the planet itself at serious risk.” \r\n\r\nWith support from the New Zealand Government, the NZAGRC is working with the Food and Agriculture Organisation in a United Nations sponsored project to identify regionally tailored ways of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from key livestock systems through increasing productivity and efficiency. Current focus areas are the southern cone of South America, East and West Africa, and South Asia. An extension of this approach is planned to South-East Asia. \r\n\r\nBut even with increased efficiency gains, Dr Reisinger says, new and additional solutions to reduce emissions without compromising food security will be needed. The government-funded NZAGRC is working in partnership with the industry-government joint venture, the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium, to develop additional ways for farmers to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from livestock. This includes the identification of naturally lower emitting animals for targeted breeding, development of animal-safe compounds that can suppress the generation of methane in the rumen of animals, and searching for ways to reduce emissions of nitrous oxide and to increase the amount of carbon stored in pastoral soils.\r\n\r\nDr Harry Clark, Director of the NZAGRC and Co-Chair of the Livestock Research Group of the GRA, says that this study supports the approach that New Zealand has adopted for reducing agricultural GHG emissions. Improvements in production efficiency are a crucial component of reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions but they are not enough on their own, given the increasing global population and associated demand for food. Hence the NZAGRC and the PGgRc have focussed on the development of new technologies that can make a large contribution to reducing overall emissions from agriculture. “New Zealand, in a partnership between government, science and industry is at the forefront of developing such new technologies. If successfully developed and implemented, these technologies will have global as well as local impact and would make the type of contribution the authors point out is needed for the world to achieve the target it set in Paris”.\r\n\r\nThe full paper will be available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13340\r\n\r\nFor more information please contact:\r\n\r\nAndy Reisinger \r\n021 613 125\r\nandy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n\r\nHarry Clark \r\n029 351 8111\r\nharry.clark@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n\r\nVisit:\r\nwww.nzagrc.org.nz\r\nwww.globalresearchalliance.org', '', '', '', '', '2016-05-17', '2016-05-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '247', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(223, '', 'Global links strengthen agriculture research', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>A new round of research funding and the appointment of a Special Representative are big steps forward for New Zealand&rsquo;s involvement in the Global Research Alliance, Ministers Paula Bennett and Nathan Guy say.</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;New Zealander Hayden Montgomery has been endorsed by GRA member countries as its first Special Representative. The appointment highlights the confidence other countries have in New Zealand and the value they place in the work we do managing the GRA Secretariat,&rdquo; Climate Change Issues Minister Paula Bennett says.</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;This appointment will allow the GRA to better work with international and regional organisations, NGOs and the agricultural sector globally to reduce agricultural greenhouse gases and to improve the productivity of farmers globally.</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;Since 1990, New Zealand farmers&rsquo; productivity gains have prevented agricultural emissions from rising an additional 40 per cent. The GRA is doing critical work sharing best practice abroad and working on the next big advances the world needs.&rdquo;</p>\r\n<p>The fourth round of the Global Partnerships in Livestock Emissions Research (GPLER) has also now opened which is providing $9.2million in contestable research funding.</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;This funding comes from the $20 million contribution to the GRA announced by Prime Minister John Key at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris in December last year. It will be available for four research challenges covering rumen function, nitrous oxide emissions, soil carbon change and improvement in emissions intensity at farm-level,&rdquo; Primary Industries Minister Nathan Guy says.</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;The GPLER has been an important tool for identifying and funding cutting edge research focused on reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and accelerating global research efforts.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&ldquo;The international, collaborative nature of the fund has previously seen New Zealand scientists working with counterparts in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Norway and USA.&rdquo;</p>\r\n<p>Details on the fund and applications for the fourth round of funding can be found at <a href=\"https://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/global-partnerships-in-livestock-emissions-research/\">https://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/global-partnerships-in-livestock-emissions-research/</a></p>', 'A new round of research funding and the appointment of a Special Representative are big steps forward for New Zealand’s involvement in the Global Research Alliance, Ministers Paula Bennett and Nathan Guy say.\r\n“New Zealander Hayden Montgomery has been endorsed by GRA member countries as its first Special Representative. The appointment highlights the confidence other countries have in New Zealand and the value they place in the work we do managing the GRA Secretariat,” Climate Change Issues Minister Paula Bennett says.\r\n“This appointment will allow the GRA to better work with international and regional organisations, NGOs and the agricultural sector globally to reduce agricultural greenhouse gases and to improve the productivity of farmers globally.\r\n“Since 1990, New Zealand farmers’ productivity gains have prevented agricultural emissions from rising an additional 40 per cent. The GRA is doing critical work sharing best practice abroad and working on the next big advances the world needs.”\r\nThe fourth round of the Global Partnerships in Livestock Emissions Research (GPLER) has also now opened which is providing $9.2million in contestable research funding.\r\n“This funding comes from the $20 million contribution to the GRA announced by Prime Minister John Key at the UN Climate Change Conference in Paris in December last year. It will be available for four research challenges covering rumen function, nitrous oxide emissions, soil carbon change and improvement in emissions intensity at farm-level,” Primary Industries Minister Nathan Guy says.\r\n“The GPLER has been an important tool for identifying and funding cutting edge research focused on reducing agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and accelerating global research efforts.  \r\n“The international, collaborative nature of the fund has previously seen New Zealand scientists working with counterparts in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Japan, Norway and USA.”\r\nDetails on the fund and applications for the fourth round of funding can be found at https://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/global-partnerships-in-livestock-emissions-research/', '', '', '', '', '2016-06-01', '2016-06-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '239', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(296, '', 'CCAFS 2016 Annual Report', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span id=\"ember17559\" class=\"ember-view\">CCAFS 2016 Annual Report is now available noting s</span><span id=\"ember17559\" class=\"ember-view\">ignificant progress on agriculture under climate change was made in 2016.</span></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://bit.ly/ccafs2016\"><span id=\"ember17559\" class=\"ember-view\">Read the report </span></a></p>\r\n<p>NZAGRC &amp; CCAFS</p>\r\n<p>The NZAGRC through the GRA LRG work programme is pleased to to work with CCAFS on improving countries&rsquo; ability to monitor, report and verify GHG emissions from livestock. <a href=\"gra,listing,297,ccafs-mrv-summary-report.html\">Read more</a></p>', 'CCAFS 2016 Annual Report is now available noting significant progress on agriculture under climate change was made in 2016.\r\nRead the report \r\nNZAGRC & CCAFS\r\nThe NZAGRC through the GRA LRG work programme is pleased to to work with CCAFS on improving countries’ ability to monitor, report and verify GHG emissions from livestock. Read more', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '520', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(224, '', 'Report: Potential applications of full inversion tillage to increase soil carbon storage during pasture renewal in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<div>This report reviews the potential to use full inversion tillage (FIT) during pasture renewal to&nbsp;<span style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">increase the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of New Zealand&rsquo;s High Producing Grasslands.</span></div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<div>December 2015</div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<div>Download this report&nbsp;</div>', 'This report reviews the potential to use full inversion tillage (FIT) during pasture renewal to increase the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks of New Zealand’s High Producing Grasslands.\r\n \r\nDecember 2015\r\n \r\nDownload this report', '', '', '', '', '2016-06-28', '2016-06-28', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '515', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(225, '', 'NZAGRC welcomes stocktake of New Zealand\'s action on climate change', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\n<span style=\"line-height: 14.85px\">Friday, 23 September 2016</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>\r\nThe NZAGRC supports the New Zealand government&#8217;s commitment to progress action on climate change, summarised yesterday in the Ministry for the Environment&#8217;s stocktake document: &#8220;<em>New Zealand&#8217;s Action on Climate Change</em>&#8221;.\r\n</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAndy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director, says &#8220;it is excellent to see an overview of the climate change challenges and actions specific to New Zealand. This document shows the many ways in which New Zealand is currently addressing the challenges posed by climate change and it&#8217;s good to see recognition that we can do more and will do more to make the most of our unique opportunity.&#8221;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe agricultural industry in New Zealand can play a unique role in New Zealand&#8217;s action on climate change. Almost half New Zealand&#8217;s emissions come from agriculture, but so does much of our national income. As highlighted in the document, there is significant effort already going on to reduce emissions whilst maintaining industry growth and prosperity.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nIn particular, the NZAGRC, in close partnership with the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium is working with the farming sector on finding ways to reduce biological emissions from agriculture. Andy Reisinger says &#8220;The NZAGRC plays a significant and active role in researching greenhouse gas reduction solutions that will work for our farming sector. We&#8217;re also driving international efforts through our research collaborations via the Global Research Alliance&#8217;s Livestock Research Group.&#8220;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n&#8220;The NZAGRC looks forward to supporting the strengthened climate change actions highlighted in this document, including through the establishment of a new expert group to support New Zealand&#8217;s efforts to address climate change in agriculture.&#8221;\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nENDS\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nContact:\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAndy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nTel: 04 472 3292 Mob: 021 613 125 Email: andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nAbout the NZAGRC\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse gas Research Centre is a partnership between the leading New Zealand research providers working in the agricultural greenhouse gas area and the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium (PGgRc) working on development of efficient, cost effective farm solutions through the reduction of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nwww.nzagrc.org.nz<span style=\"line-height: 14.85px\">&#160;</span>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Friday, 23 September 2016\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nThe NZAGRC supports the New Zealand government’s commitment to progress action on climate change, summarised yesterday in the Ministry for the Environment’s stocktake document: “New Zealand’s Action on Climate Change”.\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nAndy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director, says “it is excellent to see an overview of the climate change challenges and actions specific to New Zealand. This document shows the many ways in which New Zealand is currently addressing the challenges posed by climate change and it’s good to see recognition that we can do more and will do more to make the most of our unique opportunity.”\r\n\r\n\r\nThe agricultural industry in New Zealand can play a unique role in New Zealand’s action on climate change. Almost half New Zealand’s emissions come from agriculture, but so does much of our national income. As highlighted in the document, there is significant effort already going on to reduce emissions whilst maintaining industry growth and prosperity.\r\n\r\n\r\nIn particular, the NZAGRC, in close partnership with the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium is working with the farming sector on finding ways to reduce biological emissions from agriculture. Andy Reisinger says “The NZAGRC plays a significant and active role in researching greenhouse gas reduction solutions that will work for our farming sector. We’re also driving international efforts through our research collaborations via the Global Research Alliance’s Livestock Research Group.“\r\n\r\n\r\n“The NZAGRC looks forward to supporting the strengthened climate change actions highlighted in this document, including through the establishment of a new expert group to support New Zealand’s efforts to address climate change in agriculture.”\r\n\r\n\r\nENDS\r\n\r\n\r\nContact:\r\n\r\n\r\nAndy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director\r\n\r\n\r\nTel: 04 472 3292 Mob: 021 613 125 Email: andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n\r\n\r\nAbout the NZAGRC\r\n\r\n\r\nThe New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse gas Research Centre is a partnership between the leading New Zealand research providers working in the agricultural greenhouse gas area and the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium (PGgRc) working on development of efficient, cost effective farm solutions through the reduction of agricultural greenhouse gas emissions.\r\n\r\n\r\nwww.nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2016-09-23', '2016-09-23', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '247', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(226, '', 'NZAGRC welcomes PCE report on agricultural GHG mitigation', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<div>Wednesday, 19 October 2016</div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<div>The Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment&rsquo;s report into greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture highlights the need for a suite of mitigation solutions rather than a single silver bullet.</div>\r\n<div>&nbsp;</div>\r\n<p>The PCE report is available at <a href=\"http://www.pce.parliament.nz/our-work/news-insights/we-need-to-work-together-on-climate-change-and-farming-says-environment-commissioner\">http://www.pce.parliament.nz/our-work/news-insights/we-need-to-work-together-on-climate-change-and-farming-says-environment-commissioner</a>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<div><a href=\"policy,listing,226,nzagrc-welcomes-pce-report-on-agricultural-ghg-mitigation.html\"><strong>Read more&nbsp;</strong></a></div>', 'Wednesday, 19 October 2016\r\n \r\nThe Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment’s report into greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture highlights the need for a suite of mitigation solutions rather than a single silver bullet.\r\n \r\nThe PCE report is available at http://www.pce.parliament.nz/our-work/news-insights/we-need-to-work-together-on-climate-change-and-farming-says-environment-commissioner \r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2016-10-19', '2016-10-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '247', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(227, '', 'PhD opportunity: University of Waikato', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<strong>NOT LONGER AVAILABLE PhD\r\nin Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Grazed Pastures<br />\r\n</strong><em>University\r\nof Waikato, New Zealand</em>\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nWe\r\nhave an opening for a PhD candidate to make measurements of nitrous oxide and\r\ncarbon dioxide fluxes from grazed pastures using eddy covariance and chamber\r\ntechniques. Our team is currently measuring fluxes of carbon dioxide at four\r\neddy covariance tower sites over grazed pastures. We have recently installed a\r\nquantum cascade laser system to measure nitrous oxide fluxes. The successful\r\ncandidate will initially test whether chamber measurements of nitrous oxide\r\nmatch those of the eddy covariance tower. Our ultimate aim is to identify farm\r\nmanagement strategies that decrease nitrous oxide emissions while increasing\r\nsoil carbon and maintaining pasture production.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nIdeally,\r\nyou will have experience or strong understanding of measurement of greenhouse\r\ngases, such as nitrous oxide, and the ability and motivation to learn eddy\r\ncovariance techniques. A background in Matlab or similar scripting computer\r\nlanguage is desired. \r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nThis\r\nPhD is co-funded for three years by the University of Waikato and the NZ\r\nAgricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC). Expressions of Interest\r\nmust be submitted via the online form by 1 December 2016 at&#160;<a href=\"http://www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship\">www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship</a>.\r\nIf no applicant is appointed the scholarship will remain open until a suitable\r\napplicant is found.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nYou\r\nwill be part of a motivated team of researchers and students at the University\r\nof Waikato with considerable experience in flux measurements. The PhD candidate\r\nwill be supervised by Drs Louis Schipper, Dave Campbell and Liyin Liang. Our\r\nresearch team can be viewed: <a href=\"http://www.waiber.com\">www.waiber.com</a>.\r\n</p>\r\n', 'NOT LONGER AVAILABLE PhD\r\nin Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Grazed Pastures\r\nUniversity\r\nof Waikato, New Zealand\r\n\r\n\r\nWe\r\nhave an opening for a PhD candidate to make measurements of nitrous oxide and\r\ncarbon dioxide fluxes from grazed pastures using eddy covariance and chamber\r\ntechniques. Our team is currently measuring fluxes of carbon dioxide at four\r\neddy covariance tower sites over grazed pastures. We have recently installed a\r\nquantum cascade laser system to measure nitrous oxide fluxes. The successful\r\ncandidate will initially test whether chamber measurements of nitrous oxide\r\nmatch those of the eddy covariance tower. Our ultimate aim is to identify farm\r\nmanagement strategies that decrease nitrous oxide emissions while increasing\r\nsoil carbon and maintaining pasture production.\r\n\r\n\r\nIdeally,\r\nyou will have experience or strong understanding of measurement of greenhouse\r\ngases, such as nitrous oxide, and the ability and motivation to learn eddy\r\ncovariance techniques. A background in Matlab or similar scripting computer\r\nlanguage is desired. \r\n\r\n\r\nThis\r\nPhD is co-funded for three years by the University of Waikato and the NZ\r\nAgricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC). Expressions of Interest\r\nmust be submitted via the online form by 1 December 2016 at www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship.\r\nIf no applicant is appointed the scholarship will remain open until a suitable\r\napplicant is found.\r\n\r\n\r\nYou\r\nwill be part of a motivated team of researchers and students at the University\r\nof Waikato with considerable experience in flux measurements. The PhD candidate\r\nwill be supervised by Drs Louis Schipper, Dave Campbell and Liyin Liang. Our\r\nresearch team can be viewed: www.waiber.com.', '', '', '', '', '2016-11-08', '2016-11-08', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '410', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(228, '', 'PhD opportunity: University of Waikato', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\n<strong>PhD\r\nin Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Grazed Pastures<br />\r\n</strong><em>University\r\nof Waikato, New Zealand</em>\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nWe\r\nhave an opening for a PhD candidate to make measurements of nitrous oxide and\r\ncarbon dioxide fluxes from grazed pastures using eddy covariance and chamber\r\ntechniques. Our team is currently measuring fluxes of carbon dioxide at four\r\neddy covariance tower sites over grazed pastures. We have recently installed a\r\nquantum cascade laser system to measure nitrous oxide fluxes. The successful\r\ncandidate will initially test whether chamber measurements of nitrous oxide\r\nmatch those of the eddy covariance tower. Our ultimate aim is to identify farm\r\nmanagement strategies that decrease nitrous oxide emissions while increasing\r\nsoil carbon and maintaining pasture production.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nIdeally,\r\nyou will have experience or strong understanding of measurement of greenhouse\r\ngases, such as nitrous oxide, and the ability and motivation to learn eddy\r\ncovariance techniques. A background in Matlab or similar scripting computer\r\nlanguage is desired. \r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nThis\r\nPhD is co-funded for three years by the University of Waikato and the NZ\r\nAgricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC). Expressions of Interest\r\nmust be submitted via the online form by 1 December 2016 at&#160;<a href=\"http://www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship\">www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship</a>.\r\nIf no applicant is appointed the scholarship will remain open until a suitable\r\napplicant is found.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\r\nYou\r\nwill be part of a motivated team of researchers and students at the University\r\nof Waikato with considerable experience in flux measurements. The PhD candidate\r\nwill be supervised by Drs Louis Schipper, Dave Campbell and Liyin Liang. Our\r\nresearch team can be viewed: <a href=\"http://www.waiber.com\">www.waiber.com</a>.\r\n</p>\r\n', 'PhD\r\nin Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Grazed Pastures\r\nUniversity\r\nof Waikato, New Zealand\r\n\r\n\r\nWe\r\nhave an opening for a PhD candidate to make measurements of nitrous oxide and\r\ncarbon dioxide fluxes from grazed pastures using eddy covariance and chamber\r\ntechniques. Our team is currently measuring fluxes of carbon dioxide at four\r\neddy covariance tower sites over grazed pastures. We have recently installed a\r\nquantum cascade laser system to measure nitrous oxide fluxes. The successful\r\ncandidate will initially test whether chamber measurements of nitrous oxide\r\nmatch those of the eddy covariance tower. Our ultimate aim is to identify farm\r\nmanagement strategies that decrease nitrous oxide emissions while increasing\r\nsoil carbon and maintaining pasture production.\r\n\r\n\r\nIdeally,\r\nyou will have experience or strong understanding of measurement of greenhouse\r\ngases, such as nitrous oxide, and the ability and motivation to learn eddy\r\ncovariance techniques. A background in Matlab or similar scripting computer\r\nlanguage is desired. \r\n\r\n\r\nThis\r\nPhD is co-funded for three years by the University of Waikato and the NZ\r\nAgricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC). Expressions of Interest\r\nmust be submitted via the online form by 1 December 2016 at www.waikato.ac.nz/scholarships/application-forms/University-of-Waikato-NZAGRC-Doctoral-Scholarship.\r\nIf no applicant is appointed the scholarship will remain open until a suitable\r\napplicant is found.\r\n\r\n\r\nYou\r\nwill be part of a motivated team of researchers and students at the University\r\nof Waikato with considerable experience in flux measurements. The PhD candidate\r\nwill be supervised by Drs Louis Schipper, Dave Campbell and Liyin Liang. Our\r\nresearch team can be viewed: www.waiber.com.', '', '', '', '', '2016-11-08', '2016-11-08', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '410', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(229, '', 'Report: Desk-top review of GHG components of OVERSEER', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Report prepared for the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre</p>\r\n<p>August 2015&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"policy,listing,229,report-desk-top-review-of-ghg-components-of-overseer.html\">Read more</a></p>', 'Report prepared for the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre\r\nAugust 2015 \r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2016-11-15', '2016-11-15', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '97', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(230, '', 'NZAGRC Highlights 2016', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><a href=\"annualreport,listing,230,nzagrc-highlights-2016.html\">More information</a></p>', 'More information', '', '', '', '', '2016-11-25', '2016-11-25', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '411', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(231, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s agricultural emissions: Mapping soil organic carbon stocks', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nThis publication reports on new, cost effective technologies and methods that provide improved estimations of soil organic carbon stocks at paddock and farm scales.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nMore information&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'This publication reports on new, cost effective technologies and methods that provide improved estimations of soil organic carbon stocks at paddock and farm scales.\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information', '', '', '', '', '2016-12-05', '2016-12-05', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '412', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(232, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s agricultural emissions: Mapping soil organic carbon stocks', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p style=\"line-height: 14.85px;\">This publication provides an overview of how we can map the amount of carbon stored in New Zealand soils.</p>', 'This publication provides an overview of how we can map the amount of carbon stored in New Zealand soils.', '', '', '', '', '2016-12-05', '2016-12-05', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '412', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(233, '', 'New Zealand Agricultual Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Conference 2017', '', '', '<p>\r\nSee <a href=\"conference\">www.nzagrc.org.nz/conference</a> for more information\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'See www.nzagrc.org.nz/conference for more information', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-28', '2017-03-28', '', NULL, NULL, 'Palmerston North', '', '363', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(234, '', 'Share with your colleagues', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nShare details of the conference with your colleagues and encourage them to come to Palmerston North on 28 March 2017. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nShare this link <strong>http://eepurl.com/cbCDqr</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Share details of the conference with your colleagues and encourage them to come to Palmerston North on 28 March 2017. \r\n\r\n\r\nShare this link http://eepurl.com/cbCDqr', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-21', '2017-02-21', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '417', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(235, '', 'Share with your colleagues', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nShare details of the conference with your colleagues so they can join us in Palmerston North on 28 March.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nShare this link <a href=\"http://eepurl.com/cbCDqr\"><strong>http://eepurl.com/cbCDqr</strong></a>&#160; &#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Share details of the conference with your colleagues so they can join us in Palmerston North on 28 March.\r\n\r\n\r\nShare this link http://eepurl.com/cbCDqr', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-21', '2017-02-21', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '417', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(236, '', 'Beef+Lamb NZ presentation confirmed', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'The conference programme has been updated to include a presentation from Beef+Lamb New Zealand on the sheep and beef industry perspective on agricultural greenhouse gases, trade conditions and Paris commitments.\r\n', 'The conference programme has been updated to include a presentation from Beef+Lamb New Zealand on the sheep and beef industry perspective on agricultural greenhouse gases, trade conditions and Paris commitments.', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-22', '2017-02-22', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '418', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(237, '', 'China and New Zealand discuss climate change', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\n17 February 2017 \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nClimate Change Minister Paula Bennett says China and New Zealand have experience and expertise to share about responding to climate change.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Read more</strong> at <a href=\"https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/china-and-new-zealand-discuss-climate-change\">https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/china-and-new-zealand-discuss-climate-change</a>\r\n</p>\r\n', '17 February 2017 \r\n\r\n\r\nClimate Change Minister Paula Bennett says China and New Zealand have experience and expertise to share about responding to climate change.\r\n\r\n\r\nRead more at https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/china-and-new-zealand-discuss-climate-change', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-22', '2017-02-22', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '374', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(238, '', 'SLMACC Funding round open', '', '', '<p>\r\nThe 2017-2018 SLMACC funding round is now open and will close at 3pm, 21 April 2017.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<a href=\"http://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/sustainable-land-management-and-climate-change-research-programme/\">More information at http://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/sustainable-land-management-and-climate-change-research-programme/</a>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'The 2017-2018 SLMACC funding round is now open and will close at 3pm, 21 April 2017.\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information at http://www.mpi.govt.nz/funding-and-programmes/farming/sustainable-land-management-and-climate-change-research-programme/', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-01', '2017-04-21', '3.00pm', NULL, NULL, '', '', '309', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(239, '', 'Livestock Research Group Meeting 2017', '', '', '<p>\r\nThe 2017 meeting of the Livestock Research Group&#160;(LRG) will be hosted by the United States Government at the USDA National Institute of Food &#38; Agriculture (NIFA) Waterfront Centre in Washington DC on 11-12 April 2017.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nMore information at <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/livestock-research-group-meeting-2017/\">http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/livestock-research-group-meeting-2017/</a>&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'The 2017 meeting of the Livestock Research Group (LRG) will be hosted by the United States Government at the USDA National Institute of Food & Agriculture (NIFA) Waterfront Centre in Washington DC on 11-12 April 2017.\r\n\r\n\r\nMore information at http://globalresearchalliance.org/e/livestock-research-group-meeting-2017/', '', '', '', '', '2017-04-11', '2017-04-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '239', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(240, '', 'Agricultural emissions: their role in climate change', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nMore than 130 countries have now ratified the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which seeks to hold the rise in global average temperatures to well below 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nHowever, the collective emissions reductions pledged by countries by 2030 are too high to meet these goals cost effectively, and in many instances, the ways in which countries plan to meet their pledges are not clear. This is particularly significant when it comes to agricultural and in particular livestock emissions, where as many as 70 countries signaled an intention to reduce emissions but very few specify ways to achieve this. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nThis presentation will review the contribution of agricultural and specifically livestock emissions to global climate change, and the extent to which the ability to meet temperature goals of the Paris Agreement might depend on an effective contribution from agriculture to global mitigation efforts. The presentation will also discuss options, challenges and progress in engaging countries in emission reductions in the livestock sector, and will provide an overview of how upcoming reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and related international initiatives can help clarify the potential for agriculture to contribute to global efforts to address climate change, and ways to increase this contribution while supporting global food security objectives.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>To hear more, register now for the&#160;NZ&#160;GHG mitigation conference - 28 March</strong>&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'More than 130 countries have now ratified the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which seeks to hold the rise in global average temperatures to well below 2 degrees above pre-industrial levels. \r\n\r\n\r\nHowever, the collective emissions reductions pledged by countries by 2030 are too high to meet these goals cost effectively, and in many instances, the ways in which countries plan to meet their pledges are not clear. This is particularly significant when it comes to agricultural and in particular livestock emissions, where as many as 70 countries signaled an intention to reduce emissions but very few specify ways to achieve this. \r\n\r\n\r\nThis presentation will review the contribution of agricultural and specifically livestock emissions to global climate change, and the extent to which the ability to meet temperature goals of the Paris Agreement might depend on an effective contribution from agriculture to global mitigation efforts. The presentation will also discuss options, challenges and progress in engaging countries in emission reductions in the livestock sector, and will provide an overview of how upcoming reports by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and related international initiatives can help clarify the potential for agriculture to contribute to global efforts to address climate change, and ways to increase this contribution while supporting global food security objectives.\r\n\r\n\r\nTo hear more, register now for the NZ GHG mitigation conference - 28 March', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '109', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(241, '', 'Harry Clark', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"h7 h7\">Dr Harry Clark MNZM, NZAGRC Director moved to New Zealand to study the impacts of climate change on pastoral agriculture after obtaining his PhD and working&nbsp;for MAFF in the United Kingdom.&nbsp; Prior to leading the establishment of the NZAGRC, Harry headed up AgResearch\'s Climate, Land and Environment&nbsp; section and was the Principal Investigator of the PGgRc&nbsp;from 2007 until 2010.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>Harry is the Director of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC) and co-chair of the Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance for Greenhouse Gases. He was appointed a member of the New Zealand Government&rsquo;s Interim Climate Change Committee in 2018.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>His research interests for the last 20 years have focussed on the quantification and mitigation of enteric methane emissions from grazing ruminants. He developed the current New Zealand methodology for estimating enteric methane emissions, is a Lead Author for the International Panel for Climate Change Assessment Reports (AR5 and AR6), and sits on numerous international and domestic science advisory panels.</p>\r\n<p>Harry was appointed a member of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2014 for services to environmental science.</p>\r\n<p>Harry maintains responsibility for the overall strategic direction of the NZAGRC, science plan and operations, provides advice to the New Zealand Secretariat for the Global Research Alliance and leadership to the Global Research Alliance Livestock Research Group.</p>\r\n<p class=\"h7\">Phone&nbsp; <span class=\"baec5a81-e4d6-4674-97f3-e9220f0136c1\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">+64 6 351 8334<a style=\"margin: 0px; border: currentColor; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 16px; height: 16px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: middle; float: none; display: inline; white-space: nowrap; position: static !important;\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8334\" href=\"https://www.nzagrc.org.nz/\"><img title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8334\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" /></a></span> &nbsp; Email <a title=\"Click to send an email\" href=\"mailto:harry.clark%40nzagrc.org.nz\">harry.clark@nzagrc.org.nz<br /> </a></p>', 'Dr Harry Clark MNZM, NZAGRC Director moved to New Zealand to study the impacts of climate change on pastoral agriculture after obtaining his PhD and working for MAFF in the United Kingdom.  Prior to leading the establishment of the NZAGRC, Harry headed up AgResearch\'s Climate, Land and Environment  section and was the Principal Investigator of the PGgRc from 2007 until 2010. \r\nHarry is the Director of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC) and co-chair of the Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance for Greenhouse Gases. He was appointed a member of the New Zealand Government’s Interim Climate Change Committee in 2018. \r\nHis research interests for the last 20 years have focussed on the quantification and mitigation of enteric methane emissions from grazing ruminants. He developed the current New Zealand methodology for estimating enteric methane emissions, is a Lead Author for the International Panel for Climate Change Assessment Reports (AR5 and AR6), and sits on numerous international and domestic science advisory panels.\r\nHarry was appointed a member of the New Zealand Order of Merit in 2014 for services to environmental science.\r\nHarry maintains responsibility for the overall strategic direction of the NZAGRC, science plan and operations, provides advice to the New Zealand Secretariat for the Global Research Alliance and leadership to the Global Research Alliance Livestock Research Group.\r\nPhone  +64 6 351 8334   Email harry.clark@nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2018-07-09', '2018-07-09', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '252', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
INSERT INTO `mix_event` (`event_id`, `event_featured`, `event_title`, `event_display_name`, `event_display_email`, `event_description`, `event_description_search`, `event_contact_name`, `event_contact_phone`, `event_contact_fax`, `event_contact_email`, `event_start_date`, `event_end_date`, `event_hours`, `event_restrictions`, `event_admissions`, `event_location`, `event_website`, `image_id`, `event_meta_title`, `event_meta_description`, `event_meta_keywords`, `event_download`, `created_user_id`, `event_notification_sent`) VALUES
(242, '', 'Andy Reisinger', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span class=\"h7\" style=\"color: #58595b;\">Dr Andy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director (International)</span></p>\r\n<p>Andy is Deputy Director (International) of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre, where he focuses on international research and capability building to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from livestock.</p>\r\n<p>Andy is also vice-chair of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which focuses on options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Previously he served as coordinating lead author for two major IPCC reports released in 2014 and managed production of another report in 2007.</p>\r\n<p>Andy also recently joined, part-time, the Secretariat of the Interim Climate Change Committee. The Committee has been set up by the government to develop evidence and analysis for the Climate Change Commission proposed as part of the Zero Carbon Bill.</p>\r\n<p>Andy&rsquo;s research interests include the role of agriculture in climate change policy, as well as climate change impacts, adaptation, uncertainty and implications for decision-making.</p>\r\n<p><span class=\"h7\">Phone +64&nbsp;21&nbsp;613&nbsp;125&nbsp;&nbsp; Email </span><span class=\"h7\"><a href=\"mailto:andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz\">andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz</a></span></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"agricultural-emissions-their-role-in-climate-change-past-present-and-future.html\">&nbsp;-- View Andy\'s latest presentation<span style=\"color: #282829;\">&nbsp;</span>\"Agricultural emissions: their role in climate change - past, present and future\"</a></p>', 'Dr Andy Reisinger, NZAGRC Deputy Director (International)\r\nAndy is Deputy Director (International) of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre, where he focuses on international research and capability building to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from livestock.\r\nAndy is also vice-chair of Working Group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which focuses on options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Previously he served as coordinating lead author for two major IPCC reports released in 2014 and managed production of another report in 2007.\r\nAndy also recently joined, part-time, the Secretariat of the Interim Climate Change Committee. The Committee has been set up by the government to develop evidence and analysis for the Climate Change Commission proposed as part of the Zero Carbon Bill.\r\nAndy’s research interests include the role of agriculture in climate change policy, as well as climate change impacts, adaptation, uncertainty and implications for decision-making.\r\nPhone +64 21 613 125   Email andy.reisinger@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n -- View Andy\'s latest presentation \"Agricultural emissions: their role in climate change - past, present and future\"', '', '', '', '', '2018-06-01', '2018-06-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '253', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(244, '', 'Victoria Hatton', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"h7\">\r\n<span class=\"h7\">Dr Victoria Hatton, NZAGRC Operations Manager (International)  \r\n</span>\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nDr Victoria Hatton joined the NZAGRC team in September 2010 after five years at Massey University primarily working in research management, strategy and policy development.&#160; Victoria gained her PhD in Geography and Social Anthropology from the University of Leicester and during her undergraduate degree spent time at Cambridge University as a Research Officer in the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI).  \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nVictoria provides operational management of the&#160;NZAGRC&#39;s input into the Global Research Alliance including coordination of the Livestock Research Group work portfolio and is&#160;also responsible for the coordination and promotion&#160;of the LEARN and GRASS award programme <a href=\"http://www.livestockemissions.net/\">http://www.livestockemissions.net/</a> \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<span class=\"h7\">Phone <span style=\"white-space: nowrap\" class=\"baec5a81-e4d6-4674-97f3-e9220f0136c1\">+64 6 351 8336<a style=\"margin: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 16px; height: 16px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: middle; float: none; display: inline; white-space: nowrap; position: static !important\" href=\"/\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8336\"><img border=\"0\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8336\" /></a></span>&#160;&#160;&#160; Email <a href=\"mailto:victoria.hatton@nzagrc.org.nz\" title=\"Click to send an email\">victoria</a></span><a href=\"mailto:victoria.hatton%40nzagrc.org.nz\" title=\"Click to send an email\"></a><a href=\"mailto:victoria.hatton%40nzagrc.org.nz\" title=\"Click to send an email\"></a><a href=\"mailto:victoria.hatton%40nzagrc.org.nz\" title=\"Click to send an email\"><span class=\"h7\">.hatton@nzagrc.org.nz</span><br />\r\n</a>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Dr Victoria Hatton, NZAGRC Operations Manager (International)  \r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nDr Victoria Hatton joined the NZAGRC team in September 2010 after five years at Massey University primarily working in research management, strategy and policy development.  Victoria gained her PhD in Geography and Social Anthropology from the University of Leicester and during her undergraduate degree spent time at Cambridge University as a Research Officer in the Scott Polar Research Institute (SPRI).  \r\n\r\n\r\nVictoria provides operational management of the NZAGRC&#39;s input into the Global Research Alliance including coordination of the Livestock Research Group work portfolio and is also responsible for the coordination and promotion of the LEARN and GRASS award programme http://www.livestockemissions.net/ \r\n\r\n\r\nPhone +64 6 351 8336    Email victoria.hatton@nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(243, '', 'Heather Went', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\n<span class=\"h7\">Dr Heather Went, NZAGRC Operations Manager</span><span class=\"h7\"> </span>joined the NZAGRC in March 2010 from her role as a Business Development Manager at AgResearch.&#160; Heather has a PhD in biophysical chemistry from Cambridge University and worked in London for a management consulting firm specialising in the pharmaceutical industry prior to moving to New Zealand at the end of 2005.  \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nHeather is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the NZAGRC including the development of policies &#38; procedures, management of advisory groups and committees, and liaison with scientists to ensure adequate completion of science goals and programmes.  \r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"h7\">\r\nPhone <span style=\"white-space: nowrap\" class=\"baec5a81-e4d6-4674-97f3-e9220f0136c1\">+64 6 351 8305<a style=\"margin: 0px; border: currentColor; border-image: none; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 16px; height: 16px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: middle; float: none; display: inline; white-space: nowrap; position: static !important\" href=\"/\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8305\"><img border=\"0\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8305\" /></a></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; Email: <a href=\"mailto:heather.went@nzagrc.org.nz\">heather.went@nzagrc.org.nz<br />\r\n</a>\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Dr Heather Went, NZAGRC Operations Manager joined the NZAGRC in March 2010 from her role as a Business Development Manager at AgResearch.  Heather has a PhD in biophysical chemistry from Cambridge University and worked in London for a management consulting firm specialising in the pharmaceutical industry prior to moving to New Zealand at the end of 2005.  \r\n\r\n\r\nHeather is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the NZAGRC including the development of policies & procedures, management of advisory groups and committees, and liaison with scientists to ensure adequate completion of science goals and programmes.  \r\n\r\n\r\nPhone +64 6 351 8305     Email: heather.went@nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '428', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(249, '', 'Life Cycle Assessment - International comparisons', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>\r\nLife Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool to account for total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including from energy use and the production of all inputs that go into farm systems, e.g. fertilisers, feeds. It is product focused and can cover a range of stages along a product life cycle including from extraction of raw materials used, through farm and processing stages, to transport, consumer and waste stages. This talk will cover comparison of the carbon footprint (total GHG emissions) of New Zealand milk, lamb and beef products in comparison with those produced overseas. It will focus on studies where valid comparisons are possible using the same methodology. It will also cover current international work on developing internationally-agreed methods through FAO and the European Commission - where New Zealand is playing a key role. Results from recent Product Environmental Footprinting work will be presented, which will include a range of other resource and environmental indicators as well as GHG emissions.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>Stewart Ledgard</strong> is a Principal Scientist with AgResearch and an adjunct Professor in Life Cycle Management at Massey University. He has worked with agricultural sector and policy groups in the areas of life cycle management and greenhouse gases for over 10 years, and in nutrient management for over 30 years. \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nStewart has worked with government and agricultural sector groups in determining and reducing the carbon footprint of agricultural products, and has linked research in use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in agricultural systems in a range of countries internationally. NZ research in this area involved development of methodology for carbon footprinting of dairy, beef, lamb, wool and venison. This methodology was then applied across regional and national farm datasets and used to determine the effectiveness of potential reduction options. International research has included training of researchers and linked research in Australia, Chile, Uruguay, France and the United Kingdom. Stewart is a member of the operations group (representing AgResearch) in the NZ Life Cycle Management Centre, which included co-supervision of a PhD student.\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nStewart led a Technical Advisory Group (TAG) of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) partnership associated with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on developing Guidelines for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from small ruminant supply chains. He is currently co-chairing another LEAP TAG on nutrient accounting and environmental assessment across multiple livestock supply chains.<br />\r\n  Stewart has also worked on nutrient management research, covering work on initial development of the OVERSEER&#174; nutrient budget model, nitrogen mitigation on farms, and on developing and evaluating practical nitrogen mitigation options for farmers. He has also worked with NZ policy groups, including several Regional Councils on approaches for landholders to work within limits on nutrient losses from catchments to meet water quality targets.  \r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\nStewart has been active in publishing his research. This includes 8 book chapters, 116 scientific journal papers, 108 refereed scientific conference papers and over 350 other general publications and client reports.<br />\r\n</p>\r\n<p>\r\n&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a tool to account for total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, including from energy use and the production of all inputs that go into farm systems, e.g. fertilisers, feeds. It is product focused and can cover a range of stages along a product life cycle including from extraction of raw materials used, through farm and processing stages, to transport, consumer and waste stages. This talk will cover comparison of the carbon footprint (total GHG emissions) of New Zealand milk, lamb and beef products in comparison with those produced overseas. It will focus on studies where valid comparisons are possible using the same methodology. It will also cover current international work on developing internationally-agreed methods through FAO and the European Commission - where New Zealand is playing a key role. Results from recent Product Environmental Footprinting work will be presented, which will include a range of other resource and environmental indicators as well as GHG emissions.\r\n\r\n\r\nStewart Ledgard is a Principal Scientist with AgResearch and an adjunct Professor in Life Cycle Management at Massey University. He has worked with agricultural sector and policy groups in the areas of life cycle management and greenhouse gases for over 10 years, and in nutrient management for over 30 years. \r\n\r\n\r\nStewart has worked with government and agricultural sector groups in determining and reducing the carbon footprint of agricultural products, and has linked research in use of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in agricultural systems in a range of countries internationally. NZ research in this area involved development of methodology for carbon footprinting of dairy, beef, lamb, wool and venison. This methodology was then applied across regional and national farm datasets and used to determine the effectiveness of potential reduction options. International research has included training of researchers and linked research in Australia, Chile, Uruguay, France and the United Kingdom. Stewart is a member of the operations group (representing AgResearch) in the NZ Life Cycle Management Centre, which included co-supervision of a PhD student.\r\n\r\n\r\nStewart led a Technical Advisory Group (TAG) of the Livestock Environmental Assessment and Performance (LEAP) partnership associated with the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) on developing Guidelines for estimating greenhouse gas emissions from small ruminant supply chains. He is currently co-chairing another LEAP TAG on nutrient accounting and environmental assessment across multiple livestock supply chains.\r\n  Stewart has also worked on nutrient management research, covering work on initial development of the OVERSEER® nutrient budget model, nitrogen mitigation on farms, and on developing and evaluating practical nitrogen mitigation options for farmers. He has also worked with NZ policy groups, including several Regional Councils on approaches for landholders to work within limits on nutrient losses from catchments to meet water quality targets.  \r\n\r\n\r\nStewart has been active in publishing his research. This includes 8 book chapters, 116 scientific journal papers, 108 refereed scientific conference papers and over 350 other general publications and client reports.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-07', '2017-03-07', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '417', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(245, '', 'Kate Parlane', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Kate Parlane, NZAGRC Project Analyst moved to the Manawatu and joined the NZAGRC at the end of March 2010 after working for the Wellington City Council in their Executive administration team and as an administrator for New Zealand\'s export education industry body. Kate is completing her undergraduate study part time at Massey University.</p>\r\n<p>Kate manages the implementation of the NZAGRC communications activity plan including web and social media presence, oversees the production of the NZAGRC-PGgRc factsheet series and research pipelines, as well as managing day to day purchasing and invoicing for the NZAGRC and GRA contracts.</p>\r\n<p class=\"h7\"><span class=\"h7\">Phone <span class=\"baec5a81-e4d6-4674-97f3-e9220f0136c1\" style=\"white-space: nowrap;\">+64 6 351 8197<a style=\"margin: 0px; border: currentColor; left: 0px; top: 0px; width: 16px; height: 16px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: middle; float: none; display: inline; white-space: nowrap; position: static !important;\" title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8305\" href=\"http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/\"><img title=\"Call: +64 6 351 8305\" alt=\"\" border=\"0\" /></a></span>&nbsp;&nbsp; Email </span><a class=\"h7\" title=\"Click to send an email\" href=\"mailto:kate.parlane@nzagrc.org.nz\">kate.parlane@nzagrc.org.nz<br />&nbsp;</a></p>', 'Kate Parlane, NZAGRC Project Analyst moved to the Manawatu and joined the NZAGRC at the end of March 2010 after working for the Wellington City Council in their Executive administration team and as an administrator for New Zealand\'s export education industry body. Kate is completing her undergraduate study part time at Massey University.\r\nKate manages the implementation of the NZAGRC communications activity plan including web and social media presence, oversees the production of the NZAGRC-PGgRc factsheet series and research pipelines, as well as managing day to day purchasing and invoicing for the NZAGRC and GRA contracts.\r\nPhone +64 6 351 8197   Email kate.parlane@nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '430', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(246, '', 'Tania Brown', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Tania Brown, NZAGRC Administrator</p>\r\n<p>Tania Brown coordinates the NZAGRC Director\'s diary and external commitments including travel arrangements.</p>\r\n<p>Tania&nbsp;coordinates&nbsp;travel and bookings&nbsp;for all NZAGRC staff and provides administrative input into events, workshops and other activities undertaken by the NZAGRC.</p>\r\n<p>Tania&nbsp;coordinates purchasing and invoicing for the NZAGRC.</p>', 'Tania Brown, NZAGRC Administrator\r\nTania Brown coordinates the NZAGRC Director\'s diary and external commitments including travel arrangements.\r\nTania coordinates travel and bookings for all NZAGRC staff and provides administrative input into events, workshops and other activities undertaken by the NZAGRC.\r\nTania coordinates purchasing and invoicing for the NZAGRC.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(247, '', 'Sinead Leahy', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Dr Sinead Leahy, NZAGRC International Capability and Training Coordinator</p>\r\n<p>Sinead joined&nbsp;us in&nbsp;October 2016 on secondment from AgResearch.</p>\r\n<p>Sinead&nbsp;supports the NZAGRC international&nbsp;team to deliver of its commitments outlined in its annual capability building plan.</p>\r\n<p>Tel: +64 6 6 3518333&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Email: <a href=\"mailto:sinead.leahy@nzagrc.org.nz\">sinead.leahy@nzagrc.org.nz</a></p>\r\n<p>-- Read more about Sinead in the article <a href=\"news,listing,304,searching-deep-within-for-methane-battlers.html\"><strong>\"</strong><strong>Searching deep within for methane battlers\"</strong></a></p>', 'Dr Sinead Leahy, NZAGRC International Capability and Training Coordinator\r\nSinead joined us in October 2016 on secondment from AgResearch.\r\nSinead supports the NZAGRC international team to deliver of its commitments outlined in its annual capability building plan.\r\nTel: +64 6 6 3518333               Email: sinead.leahy@nzagrc.org.nz\r\n-- Read more about Sinead in the article \"Searching deep within for methane battlers\"', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '523', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(248, '', 'Laura Kearney', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Laura is the NZAGRC\'s Outreach Manager, a role that involves developing science-based resources and other information to help New Zealand farmers, growers and rural professionals get to grips with climate change. Laura oversees the NZAGRC\'s development of the Ag Matters website (with funding from MPI) and rural professionals training, and delivers other outreach and engagement initiatives for the NZAGRC.</p>\r\n<p>Before taking up the Outreach Manager role, Laura worked for&nbsp;four years as Operations Manager (International),&nbsp;supporting the NZAGRC\'s work in the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural&nbsp;Greenhouse Gases. &nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>Laura has previously worked for the Ministry for Primary Industries and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade on climate change, economic and science policy issues at the international level. Laura has an MSc in Environmental Assessment and Evaluation from the London School of Economics and Political Science. She grew up on a sheep and beef farm in the Manawatū&nbsp;and remains closely connected to the family farming operation. She is committed to supporting a sustainable&nbsp;agriculture sector.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>Email: <a href=\"mailto:laura.kearney@nzagrc.org.nz\">laura.kearney@nzagrc.org.nz</a>&nbsp;</p>', 'Laura is the NZAGRC\'s Outreach Manager, a role that involves developing science-based resources and other information to help New Zealand farmers, growers and rural professionals get to grips with climate change. Laura oversees the NZAGRC\'s development of the Ag Matters website (with funding from MPI) and rural professionals training, and delivers other outreach and engagement initiatives for the NZAGRC.\r\nBefore taking up the Outreach Manager role, Laura worked for four years as Operations Manager (International), supporting the NZAGRC\'s work in the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases.  \r\nLaura has previously worked for the Ministry for Primary Industries and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade on climate change, economic and science policy issues at the international level. Laura has an MSc in Environmental Assessment and Evaluation from the London School of Economics and Political Science. She grew up on a sheep and beef farm in the Manawatū and remains closely connected to the family farming operation. She is committed to supporting a sustainable agriculture sector.  \r\nEmail: laura.kearney@nzagrc.org.nz', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-01', '2017-03-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '743', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(250, '', 'Dr Harry Clark: \"Realities, magic potions & clairvoyance\"', 'NZAGRC Team', '', 'The NZAGRC Director, Dr Harry Clark, will address the conference at 2pm.  His talk is titled &quot;Reality, magic potions &#38; clairvoyance&quot;.  He will cover options that currently exist for farmers to lower their farm emissions while sustaining output, address the on-farm mitigation potential of some of the potential &#8216;silver bullet&#39; technologies that have been in the headlines recently, and present the work being done to help understand what New Zealand&#39;s agricultural greenhouse gas emissions may be in 2030 if new mitigation solutions are developed.  \r\n', 'The NZAGRC Director, Dr Harry Clark, will address the conference at 2pm.  His talk is titled &quot;Reality, magic potions & clairvoyance&quot;.  He will cover options that currently exist for farmers to lower their farm emissions while sustaining output, address the on-farm mitigation potential of some of the potential ‘silver bullet&#39; technologies that have been in the headlines recently, and present the work being done to help understand what New Zealand&#39;s agricultural greenhouse gas emissions may be in 2030 if new mitigation solutions are developed.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-09', '2017-03-09', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '252', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(251, '', 'Dr Suzi Kerr: The role of land use change', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p class=\"MsoPlainText\">\r\nEven if livestock agriculture could technically be\r\nachieved with extremely low emissions, and currently it cannot, other land uses\r\nmay be more profitable for New Zealand farmers once the costs of greenhouse\r\ngases and excessive nutrient run-off are fully accounted for.&#160; These could be extension of widely used\r\nexisting land uses - forestry, native regeneration or existing fruit or arable\r\ncrops - or currently untried or experimental uses.&#160; This talk will briefly review some evidence\r\non the potential for more forests - including in response to the Freshwater\r\nReforms - and then discuss why we might want to go beyond existing alternatives\r\nand what would be needed to facilitate more diverse land use.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoPlainText\">\r\n<strong>About Suzi</strong>\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoPlainText\">\r\nSuzi Kerr is currently a Senior Fellow at Motu, a\r\nPrincipal Investigator in Te Punaha Matatini - a Centre of Research Excellence\r\nand an Adjunct Professor at Victoria University. She graduated from Harvard\r\nUniversity in 1995 with a PhD in Economics. From 1998 to 2009 she was Director\r\nand Senior Fellow at Motu. In 2010 she won the NZIER Economics Award. She has\r\nalso worked at the University of Maryland at College Park, Resources for the\r\nFuture (USA), the Joint Center for the Science and Policy of Global Change at\r\nMIT, and more recently was a Visiting Professor at Stanford University for the\r\n2009/10 year and at the University of the Andes in Bogot&#225;, Colombia in the\r\nfirst half of 2014.\r\n</p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoPlainText\">\r\nHer current research work focuses on climate change. She\r\nempirically and theoretically investigates domestic and international climate\r\nchange policy with special emphasis on emissions pricing and land use in both\r\nthe tropics and New Zealand. She is Programme Leader for the Impacts and\r\nImplications programme of the Deep South National Science Challenge. She has\r\npreviously worked extensively on economic instruments for managing water\r\nquality, fisheries and air quality. She has run four policy dialogue processes,\r\none in the lead up to the establishment of New Zealand&#8217;s emissions trading\r\nsystem, others on managing water quality in Lake Rotorua, on agricultural\r\ngreenhouse gas emissions and (co-led) on New Zealand&#8217;s Low Emissions Future,\r\nand she is currently leading a dialogue on New Zealand&#8217;s ETS.&#160;\r\n</p>\r\n', 'Even if livestock agriculture could technically be\r\nachieved with extremely low emissions, and currently it cannot, other land uses\r\nmay be more profitable for New Zealand farmers once the costs of greenhouse\r\ngases and excessive nutrient run-off are fully accounted for.  These could be extension of widely used\r\nexisting land uses - forestry, native regeneration or existing fruit or arable\r\ncrops - or currently untried or experimental uses.  This talk will briefly review some evidence\r\non the potential for more forests - including in response to the Freshwater\r\nReforms - and then discuss why we might want to go beyond existing alternatives\r\nand what would be needed to facilitate more diverse land use.\r\n\r\n\r\nAbout Suzi\r\n\r\n\r\nSuzi Kerr is currently a Senior Fellow at Motu, a\r\nPrincipal Investigator in Te Punaha Matatini - a Centre of Research Excellence\r\nand an Adjunct Professor at Victoria University. She graduated from Harvard\r\nUniversity in 1995 with a PhD in Economics. From 1998 to 2009 she was Director\r\nand Senior Fellow at Motu. In 2010 she won the NZIER Economics Award. She has\r\nalso worked at the University of Maryland at College Park, Resources for the\r\nFuture (USA), the Joint Center for the Science and Policy of Global Change at\r\nMIT, and more recently was a Visiting Professor at Stanford University for the\r\n2009/10 year and at the University of the Andes in Bogotá, Colombia in the\r\nfirst half of 2014.\r\n\r\n\r\nHer current research work focuses on climate change. She\r\nempirically and theoretically investigates domestic and international climate\r\nchange policy with special emphasis on emissions pricing and land use in both\r\nthe tropics and New Zealand. She is Programme Leader for the Impacts and\r\nImplications programme of the Deep South National Science Challenge. She has\r\npreviously worked extensively on economic instruments for managing water\r\nquality, fisheries and air quality. She has run four policy dialogue processes,\r\none in the lead up to the establishment of New Zealand’s emissions trading\r\nsystem, others on managing water quality in Lake Rotorua, on agricultural\r\ngreenhouse gas emissions and (co-led) on New Zealand’s Low Emissions Future,\r\nand she is currently leading a dialogue on New Zealand’s ETS.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-14', '2017-03-14', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', NULL, NULL, NULL, '', 4, 'N'),
(252, '', 'Dr Jan Wright: Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment - understanding New Zealand\'s biological greenhouse gases', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>In 2016 Jan released a report titled <em>Climate change and agriculture: Understanding the biological greenhouse gases</em>, in which she urged New Zealanders to work together and start tackling the complex problem of the biological greenhouse gases from agriculture. She found that, while there are no silver bullets for dealing with these emissions, there are things we can and should be doing&nbsp;now to curb them. Immediate opportunities lie in new native and plantation forests, and Jan wants to see real progress in this area.</p>\r\n<p><strong>About Jan Wright</strong></p>\r\n<p>Dr Jan Wright was sworn in as Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment for a five-year term on 5 March 2007 and reappointed for a second term in early 2012. Jan has a Physics degree from Canterbury, a Masters degree in Energy and Resources from Berkeley in California, and a PhD in Public Policy from Harvard. In 2012 she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Lincoln University, and in 2015 was made a Companion of the Royal Society of New Zealand. Prior to her current role, Jan worked as an independent policy and economic consultant for many different government agencies and as a member of various Crown Entity Boards.</p>\r\n<p>Jan views climate change as the most significant environmental threat facing the world, and has produced two major reports on rising sea levels. Other reports have covered topics as diverse as fracking, the pesticide 1080, and the plight of New Zealand\'s longfin eel.</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'In 2016 Jan released a report titled Climate change and agriculture: Understanding the biological greenhouse gases, in which she urged New Zealanders to work together and start tackling the complex problem of the biological greenhouse gases from agriculture. She found that, while there are no silver bullets for dealing with these emissions, there are things we can and should be doing now to curb them. Immediate opportunities lie in new native and plantation forests, and Jan wants to see real progress in this area.\r\nAbout Jan Wright\r\nDr Jan Wright was sworn in as Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment for a five-year term on 5 March 2007 and reappointed for a second term in early 2012. Jan has a Physics degree from Canterbury, a Masters degree in Energy and Resources from Berkeley in California, and a PhD in Public Policy from Harvard. In 2012 she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate of Science from Lincoln University, and in 2015 was made a Companion of the Royal Society of New Zealand. Prior to her current role, Jan worked as an independent policy and economic consultant for many different government agencies and as a member of various Crown Entity Boards.\r\nJan views climate change as the most significant environmental threat facing the world, and has produced two major reports on rising sea levels. Other reports have covered topics as diverse as fracking, the pesticide 1080, and the plight of New Zealand\'s longfin eel.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-17', '2017-03-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '448', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(253, '', 'Professor Louis Schipper: Can we build and maintain soil carbon in pastures?', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Small increases or decreases in soil carbon stocks can result in large changes in carbon dioxide of the atmosphere. Maintaining or enhancing soil carbon is also critical for soil health. During the recent Paris meetings on climate change the French Ministry of Agriculture proposed the 4&permil; Initiative aimed at increasing soil carbon by 4 parts per thousand to offset emissions from fossil fuels. Changes in land use or management are understood to alter soil carbon stocks but the consequent direction and magnitude of change in carbon are not always obvious. I will summarise what is known about changes in soil carbon stocks for New Zealand pastures and what the opportunity for additional storage might be. Included are long-term changes under drystock and dairy systems and management practices (irrigation, fertiliser inputs and cultivation). Most of the data were summarised in: Schipper, L.A.; Mudge, P.L.; Kirschbaum, M.U.F.; Hedley, C.B.; Golubiewski, N.E.; Smaill, S.J.; Kelliher, F.M. (2017) A review of soil carbon change in grazed New Zealand pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2017.1284134</p>\r\n<p>Bio</p>\r\n<p>Louis Schipper is a Professor at the University of Waikato who investigates soil biogeochemical processes at landscape scales and how they might be manipulated to achieve improved environmental performance while maintaining production. For the last decade, Louis has led teams determining changes in carbon stocks of pasture soils at paddock to national scales. This research demonstrated that while carbon in the majority of pastures on flat land was at steady state, some of our important soils had lost substantial carbon while hill-country soils have gained large amounts. These data have been central to developing a national picture of New Zealand&rsquo;s carbon budget. They have also used micro-meteorological approaches to evaluate high-resolution fluxes of carbon at farm scales to identify practices that increase carbon stocks, generating in-depth understanding of climatic effects (e.g., drought, rainfall) and management impacts (pasture renewal, cultivation, new pasture species). Louis is an elected fellow of the New Zealand and American soil science societies with multiple awards from the NZ Society. He has published &gt;130 papers (Scopus H-index of 36), supervised ~40 PhD/MSc students, and developed substantial soil and environmental resources for schools.</p>', 'Small increases or decreases in soil carbon stocks can result in large changes in carbon dioxide of the atmosphere. Maintaining or enhancing soil carbon is also critical for soil health. During the recent Paris meetings on climate change the French Ministry of Agriculture proposed the 4‰ Initiative aimed at increasing soil carbon by 4 parts per thousand to offset emissions from fossil fuels. Changes in land use or management are understood to alter soil carbon stocks but the consequent direction and magnitude of change in carbon are not always obvious. I will summarise what is known about changes in soil carbon stocks for New Zealand pastures and what the opportunity for additional storage might be. Included are long-term changes under drystock and dairy systems and management practices (irrigation, fertiliser inputs and cultivation). Most of the data were summarised in: Schipper, L.A.; Mudge, P.L.; Kirschbaum, M.U.F.; Hedley, C.B.; Golubiewski, N.E.; Smaill, S.J.; Kelliher, F.M. (2017) A review of soil carbon change in grazed New Zealand pastures. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2017.1284134\r\nBio\r\nLouis Schipper is a Professor at the University of Waikato who investigates soil biogeochemical processes at landscape scales and how they might be manipulated to achieve improved environmental performance while maintaining production. For the last decade, Louis has led teams determining changes in carbon stocks of pasture soils at paddock to national scales. This research demonstrated that while carbon in the majority of pastures on flat land was at steady state, some of our important soils had lost substantial carbon while hill-country soils have gained large amounts. These data have been central to developing a national picture of New Zealand’s carbon budget. They have also used micro-meteorological approaches to evaluate high-resolution fluxes of carbon at farm scales to identify practices that increase carbon stocks, generating in-depth understanding of climatic effects (e.g., drought, rainfall) and management impacts (pasture renewal, cultivation, new pasture species). Louis is an elected fellow of the New Zealand and American soil science societies with multiple awards from the NZ Society. He has published >130 papers (Scopus H-index of 36), supervised ~40 PhD/MSc students, and developed substantial soil and environmental resources for schools.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-17', '2017-03-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(254, '', 'New Zealand-Argentina agricultural agreement signed', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Primary Industries Minister Nathan Guy has signed an Agricultural Cooperation Arrangement with Argentina today, aimed at building closer relationships between the two countries.</p>\r\n<p><strong>Read more</strong> at <a href=\"https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-zealand-argentina-agricultural-agreement-signed\">https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-zealand-argentina-agricultural-agreement-signed</a></p>', 'Primary Industries Minister Nathan Guy has signed an Agricultural Cooperation Arrangement with Argentina today, aimed at building closer relationships between the two countries.\r\nRead more at https://www.beehive.govt.nz/release/new-zealand-argentina-agricultural-agreement-signed', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-20', '2017-03-20', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(255, '', 'Francesca Eggleton: Fonterra', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Climate change presents a significant challenge for the dairy industry but also an opportunity. In October 2016, Fonterra, the International Dairy Federation and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN signed the Dairy declaration of Rotterdam, which recognises the key role the dairy industry has to play in achieving the UNs Sustainable Development Goals. This includes combating climate change, ending poverty, contributing to healthy lives, ending hunger and achieving food security. It is within this context that Fonterra is working with diary industry and others to take further action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.</p>\r\n<p><strong>About Francesca Eggleton</strong></p>\r\n<p>Francesca is the Group Environment Manager at Fonterra in the Social Responsibility team. She is responsible for developing Fonterra&rsquo;s climate change strategy as well as overseeing a range of key environmental topics. Francesca is a member of the Government\'s Biological Emissions Reference Group, and the International Dairy Federation\'s Standing Committee for the Environment. Francesca initially joined Fonterra in the On-farm R&amp;D to work on climate change science, in particular, determining mitigation options for biological emissions. Francesca started her career at the New Zealand Treasury working on innovation policy, followed by a role at the Ministry for Business, Innovation and Employment.</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Climate change presents a significant challenge for the dairy industry but also an opportunity. In October 2016, Fonterra, the International Dairy Federation and the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN signed the Dairy declaration of Rotterdam, which recognises the key role the dairy industry has to play in achieving the UNs Sustainable Development Goals. This includes combating climate change, ending poverty, contributing to healthy lives, ending hunger and achieving food security. It is within this context that Fonterra is working with diary industry and others to take further action to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.\r\nAbout Francesca Eggleton\r\nFrancesca is the Group Environment Manager at Fonterra in the Social Responsibility team. She is responsible for developing Fonterra’s climate change strategy as well as overseeing a range of key environmental topics. Francesca is a member of the Government\'s Biological Emissions Reference Group, and the International Dairy Federation\'s Standing Committee for the Environment. Francesca initially joined Fonterra in the On-farm R&D to work on climate change science, in particular, determining mitigation options for biological emissions. Francesca started her career at the New Zealand Treasury working on innovation policy, followed by a role at the Ministry for Business, Innovation and Employment.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '449', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(256, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s greenhouse gases: The strucutre of agricultural greenhouse gas research funding in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(257, '', 'Reducing New Zealand\'s greenhouse gases: The structure of agricultural greenhouse gas research funding in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(258, '', 'The structure of agricultural greenhouse gas research funding in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(259, '', 'FundingNZGHGResearch', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(260, '', 'FundingNZGHGResearch', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(261, '', 'FundingNZGHGResearch', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.</p>', 'This publication is a guide to New Zealand\'s way of funding greenhouse gas research in New Zealand including ways the funds work in partnership to grow New Zealand\'s understanding and contribution to real solutions to tackle climate change.', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '450', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(262, '', 'Which microbes live in the rumen?', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">Research funded by the PGgRc laid the groundwork for what is now a comprehensive understanding of rumen microbiology.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">A key part of this was sequencing the first genome of a methanogen (the microbes that produce methane in the rumen).</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">Now, with a boost provided by joint funding from the NZAGRC, the genomes of 11 different methanogen species have been sequenced. The genomic approach has enabled researchers to develop ways of selectively targeting methanogens without affecting the wide variety of other microbes that are essential for the functioning of the rumen. This new knowledge has been fundamental to several subsequent strands of research funded by the PGgRc and NZAGRC, the GRA and SLMACC. These include the identification and testing of methane inhibitors that block the enzyme pathways of methanogens and the development of a vaccine against methanogens.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"microbes.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/475/microbes.jpg\" alt=\"microbes.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Research funded by the PGgRc laid the groundwork for what is now a comprehensive understanding of rumen microbiology.\r\nA key part of this was sequencing the first genome of a methanogen (the microbes that produce methane in the rumen).\r\nNow, with a boost provided by joint funding from the NZAGRC, the genomes of 11 different methanogen species have been sequenced. The genomic approach has enabled researchers to develop ways of selectively targeting methanogens without affecting the wide variety of other microbes that are essential for the functioning of the rumen. This new knowledge has been fundamental to several subsequent strands of research funded by the PGgRc and NZAGRC, the GRA and SLMACC. These include the identification and testing of methane inhibitors that block the enzyme pathways of methanogens and the development of a vaccine against methanogens.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-03', '2017-05-03', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '474', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
INSERT INTO `mix_event` (`event_id`, `event_featured`, `event_title`, `event_display_name`, `event_display_email`, `event_description`, `event_description_search`, `event_contact_name`, `event_contact_phone`, `event_contact_fax`, `event_contact_email`, `event_start_date`, `event_end_date`, `event_hours`, `event_restrictions`, `event_admissions`, `event_location`, `event_website`, `image_id`, `event_meta_title`, `event_meta_description`, `event_meta_keywords`, `event_download`, `created_user_id`, `event_notification_sent`) VALUES
(263, '', 'Breeding animals for reduced methane emission', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">In the early 2000s, researchers first became interested in the question of whether there is any natural variation between individual animals in the amount of methane they produce. Initially, PGgRc funded a major programme with the dairy industry initiative BoviQuest to measure&nbsp;emissions from 700 individual dairy cows. This trial showed large differences in emissions between animals.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">Subsequent work in sheep, funded by SLMACC, established that some animals naturally produce up to 10% less methane than others. Using New Zealand&rsquo;s strength in breeding sheep, the PGgRc then funded a larger research project that established that methane production is heritable meaning that the difference between low and high emitting animals can be passed through the generations. Having demonstrated feasibility, the work now forms a major ongoing project that is jointly funded by the PGgRc and the NZAGRC to identify genetic markers and rapid measurement techniques that allow these differences to be exploited as part of standard industry breeding programmes. Additional investment through the Government&rsquo;s GRA fund further allowed New Zealand researchers to connect their work with that conducted in other countries, to share experiences with measurement methods and to establish measurement and reporting protocols to increase the global genetic information and allow intercomparisons on low-emissions traits.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"breeding.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/477/breeding.jpg\" alt=\"breeding.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>', 'In the early 2000s, researchers first became interested in the question of whether there is any natural variation between individual animals in the amount of methane they produce. Initially, PGgRc funded a major programme with the dairy industry initiative BoviQuest to measure emissions from 700 individual dairy cows. This trial showed large differences in emissions between animals.\r\nSubsequent work in sheep, funded by SLMACC, established that some animals naturally produce up to 10% less methane than others. Using New Zealand’s strength in breeding sheep, the PGgRc then funded a larger research project that established that methane production is heritable meaning that the difference between low and high emitting animals can be passed through the generations. Having demonstrated feasibility, the work now forms a major ongoing project that is jointly funded by the PGgRc and the NZAGRC to identify genetic markers and rapid measurement techniques that allow these differences to be exploited as part of standard industry breeding programmes. Additional investment through the Government’s GRA fund further allowed New Zealand researchers to connect their work with that conducted in other countries, to share experiences with measurement methods and to establish measurement and reporting protocols to increase the global genetic information and allow intercomparisons on low-emissions traits.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-04', '2017-05-04', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '476', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(264, '', 'A global rumen microbes census', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">The power of global collaboration was shown in the ability to do a global rumen microbes census. New Zealand scientists wondered how typical the rumen microbes found in New Zealand ruminants are globally &ndash; a key question if New Zealand hopes to market new solutions it may develop to reduce methane emissions from enteric fermentation.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">Through the Global Research Alliance, New Zealand scientists led a global project to compare rumen samples from around the world. They received over 700 contributions from 35 countries, including not only goats, sheep and cattle, but species such as reindeer, giraffes and camels. They found that despite some differences related to feed and species, methanogens are surprisingly similar everywhere. <strong><a href=\"science-publications,listing,200,global-solutions-to-reduce-methane-emissions-from-ruminant-animals-are-feasible-because-the-microbes-causing-the-emissions-are-similar-around-the-world.html\">Read more</a></strong></p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">This means that strategies to inhibit dominant methanogens, such as through <strong><a href=\"inhibitors.html\">methane inhibitors </a></strong>being developed by the PGgRc and NZAGRC, are likely to be applicable in grazing based systems globally. This gives further direction and impetus to the domestically funded research and development work.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"grc.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/478/grc.jpg\" alt=\"grc.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'The power of global collaboration was shown in the ability to do a global rumen microbes census. New Zealand scientists wondered how typical the rumen microbes found in New Zealand ruminants are globally – a key question if New Zealand hopes to market new solutions it may develop to reduce methane emissions from enteric fermentation.\r\nThrough the Global Research Alliance, New Zealand scientists led a global project to compare rumen samples from around the world. They received over 700 contributions from 35 countries, including not only goats, sheep and cattle, but species such as reindeer, giraffes and camels. They found that despite some differences related to feed and species, methanogens are surprisingly similar everywhere. Read more\r\nThis means that strategies to inhibit dominant methanogens, such as through methane inhibitors being developed by the PGgRc and NZAGRC, are likely to be applicable in grazing based systems globally. This gives further direction and impetus to the domestically funded research and development work.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-04', '2017-05-04', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '479', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(265, '', 'Freeing a methanogen-busting bottleneck', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">Sometimes the most valuable advances occur at methodological levels. An example of this is a new laboratory technique that allows faster assessment of potential methane inhibiting compounds. Possible compounds are initially identified using a computerised process known as chemogenomics. This allows a rapid scan of many thousands of compounds to identify any that in theory should be able to inhibit the function of methanogens. But the&nbsp; next crucial step is that promising compounds need to be tested in a laboratory, by pipetting the compounds onto plates that contain methanogens, and seeing whether they actually affect the methanogen&rsquo;s function. The most promising and animal-safe compounds can then be tested in simulated rumen fluids and ultimately in live animals. This initial laboratory testing was a timeconsuming technique, until a team led by local scientists, assisted by international GRA scientists and New Zealand GRA funding, devised a new method. The new technique keeps methanogens, which live in anaerobic conditions, alive in the lab on multi-well plates that allow much higherthroughput testing of many compounds at any time. This has greatly accelerated the ability to test potential methanogen inhibitors, and has identified several promising compounds that are now being taken further in the methane inhibitor programme funded by the PGgRc and NZAGRC.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"methanogen.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/481/methanogen.jpg\" alt=\"methanogen.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Sometimes the most valuable advances occur at methodological levels. An example of this is a new laboratory technique that allows faster assessment of potential methane inhibiting compounds. Possible compounds are initially identified using a computerised process known as chemogenomics. This allows a rapid scan of many thousands of compounds to identify any that in theory should be able to inhibit the function of methanogens. But the  next crucial step is that promising compounds need to be tested in a laboratory, by pipetting the compounds onto plates that contain methanogens, and seeing whether they actually affect the methanogen’s function. The most promising and animal-safe compounds can then be tested in simulated rumen fluids and ultimately in live animals. This initial laboratory testing was a timeconsuming technique, until a team led by local scientists, assisted by international GRA scientists and New Zealand GRA funding, devised a new method. The new technique keeps methanogens, which live in anaerobic conditions, alive in the lab on multi-well plates that allow much higherthroughput testing of many compounds at any time. This has greatly accelerated the ability to test potential methanogen inhibitors, and has identified several promising compounds that are now being taken further in the methane inhibitor programme funded by the PGgRc and NZAGRC.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-04', '2017-05-04', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '480', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(266, '', 'Nitrous oxide and soil moisture', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">On-farm measurements of nitrous oxide that were made to inform New Zealand&rsquo;s Greenhouse Gas Inventory revealed that waterlogged pastures produce more nitrous oxide. This led to research funded by New Zealand in support of the Global Research Alliance to find out whether nitrous oxide production could be reduced by providing farmers with advice on when animals should be taken off pastures during wet conditions, which would not only reduce emissions but also nitrate leaching and limit pasture damage. This work was carried out using farm data and measurements from New Zealand, Ireland and the United Kingdom. The results from this study highlighted that the benefits and feasibility of managing stock on waterlogged pastures can differ significantly between countries and soil types, emphasising the need for a national and even region-specific approach to mitigate GHG emissions.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"soilmoisture.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/482/soilmoisture.jpg\" alt=\"soilmoisture.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'On-farm measurements of nitrous oxide that were made to inform New Zealand’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory revealed that waterlogged pastures produce more nitrous oxide. This led to research funded by New Zealand in support of the Global Research Alliance to find out whether nitrous oxide production could be reduced by providing farmers with advice on when animals should be taken off pastures during wet conditions, which would not only reduce emissions but also nitrate leaching and limit pasture damage. This work was carried out using farm data and measurements from New Zealand, Ireland and the United Kingdom. The results from this study highlighted that the benefits and feasibility of managing stock on waterlogged pastures can differ significantly between countries and soil types, emphasising the need for a national and even region-specific approach to mitigate GHG emissions.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-04', '2017-05-04', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '483', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(267, '', 'Maori Farming: Higher production without higher emissions', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">Maori farms have specific social, economic and cultural purposes, which must be considered when balancing greenhouse gas emissions and broader development goals. The NZAGRC is undertaking a large, three year project with 29 Maori farms nationwide that integrate forestry and livestock. The aim is to assist the Maori pastoral sector to identify ways of improving its efficiency, productivity and profitability while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Four focus farms serve as sites to identify specific emissions mitigation approaches that would also serve the wider social, economic and cultural goals driving the long-term development of those farms. This project supplements a range of other initiatives that assist Maori agribusiness development, such as the Social Return on Investment evaluation tool implemented by AgResearch and funded by MPI, and MPI&rsquo;s Pathway to Increased Productivity programme, which assists Maroi landowners to grow and protect their primary sector assets.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img title=\"maori.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/484/maori.jpg\" alt=\"maori.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">&nbsp;</p>', 'Maori farms have specific social, economic and cultural purposes, which must be considered when balancing greenhouse gas emissions and broader development goals. The NZAGRC is undertaking a large, three year project with 29 Maori farms nationwide that integrate forestry and livestock. The aim is to assist the Maori pastoral sector to identify ways of improving its efficiency, productivity and profitability while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Four focus farms serve as sites to identify specific emissions mitigation approaches that would also serve the wider social, economic and cultural goals driving the long-term development of those farms. This project supplements a range of other initiatives that assist Maori agribusiness development, such as the Social Return on Investment evaluation tool implemented by AgResearch and funded by MPI, and MPI’s Pathway to Increased Productivity programme, which assists Maroi landowners to grow and protect their primary sector assets.', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-04', '2017-05-04', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '485', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(269, '', 'Dairy committed to lowering environmental impact', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Commenting on today&rsquo;s OECD Environmental Performance Review announcement, DairyNZ&rsquo;s chief executive Dr Tim Mackle says the dairy sector is committed to lowering its environmental impact, while protecting the valuable contribution dairying makes to the economy.</p>\r\n<div class=\"body-text cf\">\r\n<p>&ldquo;Dairy farming is a major driver in the New Zealand economy improving everyone&rsquo;s lifestyle in this country. This is both directly and indirectly, and in rural and urban communities,&rdquo; he says.</p>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https://www.dairynz.co.nz/news/latest-news/dairy-committed-to-lowering-environmental-impact/\">Read more</a></strong></p>\r\n</div>', 'Commenting on today’s OECD Environmental Performance Review announcement, DairyNZ’s chief executive Dr Tim Mackle says the dairy sector is committed to lowering its environmental impact, while protecting the valuable contribution dairying makes to the economy.\r\n\r\n“Dairy farming is a major driver in the New Zealand economy improving everyone’s lifestyle in this country. This is both directly and indirectly, and in rural and urban communities,” he says.\r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '100', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(270, '', 'Sam McIvor: Farmers have made significant changes ', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Sam McIvor, CEO of Beef + Lamb NZ recently presented at the NZ agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation conference.</p>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"beef-sheep-industry-perspectives.html\">Read more</a></strong></p>', 'Sam McIvor, CEO of Beef + Lamb NZ recently presented at the NZ agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation conference.\r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2017-04-05', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '490', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(271, '', 'Fonterra: there are opportunities if we all work together', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Francesca Eggleton, Fonterra\'s Manager, Group Environment recently presented at the New Zealand agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation conference.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"fonterras-approach-to-climate-change.html\"><strong>Read more</strong></a></p>', 'Francesca Eggleton, Fonterra\'s Manager, Group Environment recently presented at the New Zealand agricultural greenhouse gas mitigation conference.\r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2017-04-03', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '491', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(273, '', 'IPCC AR5 WGII Report: 31/03/14', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>On March 31 2014 was the release of the&nbsp;IPCC WGII&nbsp;report on assessing and managing the risks of climate change.</p>\r\n<p>The report characterises observed impacts, vulnerability, and exposure, and adaptive responses to date; examines future risks and potential benefits and considers principles for effective adaptation and the broader interactions among adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>NZAGRC Deputy Director (International), Dr Andy Reisinger&nbsp;is a Coordinating Lead Author (CLA) for Chapter 25: Australasia, which&nbsp;provides scientific analysis&nbsp;of the&nbsp;expected regional impacts including risks and&nbsp;adaptation solutions for the agricultural industry.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>For more information the IPCC AR5 WGII report visit <a href=\"http://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/\">ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/</a></p>', 'On March 31 2014 was the release of the IPCC WGII report on assessing and managing the risks of climate change.\r\nThe report characterises observed impacts, vulnerability, and exposure, and adaptive responses to date; examines future risks and potential benefits and considers principles for effective adaptation and the broader interactions among adaptation, mitigation, and sustainable development. \r\nNZAGRC Deputy Director (International), Dr Andy Reisinger is a Coordinating Lead Author (CLA) for Chapter 25: Australasia, which provides scientific analysis of the expected regional impacts including risks and adaptation solutions for the agricultural industry. \r\nFor more information the IPCC AR5 WGII report visit ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '311', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(274, '', 'IPCC AR5 Synthesis Report: 31/10/14', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Released on 31 October 2014, the Synthesis Report of the IPCC AR5 in Copenhagen provides a summation of the reports of the three IPCC Working Groups including relevant Special Reports.</p>\r\n<p><a title=\"http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/news,listing,149,conclusi... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"news,listing,149,conclusion-of-the-ipcc-5th-assessment-report-climate-change-threatens-irreversible-and-dangerous-impacts-but-options-exist-to-limit-its-effects.html\" target=\"_blank\">See the New Zealand conclusions release</a></p>\r\n<p><a title=\"http://ipcc.ch ... - link will open in a new window\" href=\"http://ipcc.ch/\" target=\"_blank\">Read the detailed report</a></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>For more information visit <a href=\"http://ipcc.ch/\">ipcc.ch</a></li>\r\n</ul>', 'Released on 31 October 2014, the Synthesis Report of the IPCC AR5 in Copenhagen provides a summation of the reports of the three IPCC Working Groups including relevant Special Reports.\r\nSee the New Zealand conclusions release\r\nRead the detailed report\r\n\r\nFor more information visit ipcc.ch', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '311', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(275, '', 'IPCC NZ Stakeholder Workshop: 30/04/14', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>On 30 April 2014&nbsp;a workshop was held at the Royal Society of New Zealand in Wellington.</p>\r\n<p>Presentations and Q&amp;A sessions from April\'s IPCC Stakeholder Workshop \"Responding to Climate Change\" are now available for viewing online: <a href=\"http://www.nzclimatechangecentre.org/research/ipcc-working-group-ii-iii-stakeholder-workshop-videos\">www.nzclimatechangecentre.org/research/ipcc-working-group-ii-iii-stakeholder-workshop-videos</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>', 'On 30 April 2014 a workshop was held at the Royal Society of New Zealand in Wellington.\r\nPresentations and Q&A sessions from April\'s IPCC Stakeholder Workshop \"Responding to Climate Change\" are now available for viewing online: www.nzclimatechangecentre.org/research/ipcc-working-group-ii-iii-stakeholder-workshop-videos', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(276, '', 'IPCC AR6: Schedule', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The IPCC is currently in its Sixth Assessment cycle. During this cycle, the Panel will produce three Special Reports, a Methodology Report and the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6). <br />&nbsp;<br /><strong>September 2018</strong></p>\r\n<p>Global Warming of 1.5 &deg;C (SR15): An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5&deg;C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty</p>\r\n<p><strong>May 2019</strong></p>\r\n<p>2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories<br /><br /><strong>September 2019</strong></p>\r\n<p>Special Report on Oceans and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC)</p>\r\n<p>Climate Change and Land (SRCCL: An IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems<br /><br /><strong>2021&nbsp;</strong></p>\r\n<p>Working Group I, II, II contribution to Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)</p>\r\n<p><strong>April 2022</strong></p>\r\n<p>AR6 Synthesis Report</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.ipcc.ch/news_and_events/videos.shtml\"><strong>Read more</strong></a></p>', 'The IPCC is currently in its Sixth Assessment cycle. During this cycle, the Panel will produce three Special Reports, a Methodology Report and the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6).  September 2018\r\nGlobal Warming of 1.5 °C (SR15): An IPCC special report on the impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty\r\nMay 2019\r\n2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas InventoriesSeptember 2019\r\nSpecial Report on Oceans and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC)\r\nClimate Change and Land (SRCCL: An IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems2021 \r\nWorking Group I, II, II contribution to Sixth Assessment Report (AR6)\r\nApril 2022\r\nAR6 Synthesis Report\r\nRead more', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-11', '2017-05-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '311', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(277, '', 'Can we decrease N2O emissions by manipulating denitrification? ', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page8\" href=\"user/file/85/Release007_p8.pdf\">Release Newsletter - August 2012</a></span></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page8\" href=\"user/file/85/Release007_p8.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Release007_page8</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(1.04MB)</span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2012\r\n Release007_page8 (1.04MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '291', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(278, '', 'Investigating the role of plants in N2O emissions', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page7\" href=\"user/file/84/Release007_p7.pdf\">Release Newsletter - August 2012</a></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page7\" href=\"user/file/84/Release007_p7.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Release007_page7</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(0.95MB)</span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2012  \r\n Release007_page7 (0.95MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '290', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(279, '', 'Novel grass species with high dry matter production and low N content a possibility', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page6\" href=\"user/file/86/Release007_p6.pdf\">Release Newsletter - August 2012</a></span></span></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page6\" href=\"user/file/86/Release007_p6.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Release007_page6</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(1.46MB)</span></span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2012\r\n Release007_page6 (1.46MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '289', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(280, '', 'Important impacts for NZ inventory from urine concentration study', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><a title=\"Release007_page5\" href=\"user/file/83/Release007_p5.pdf\">Release Newsletter - August 2012</a><a title=\"Release007_page5\" href=\"user/file/83/Release007_p5.pdf\">&nbsp;</a></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page5\" href=\"user/file/83/Release007_p5.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Release007_page5</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(0.59MB)</span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2012 \r\n Release007_page5 (0.59MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '288', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(281, '', 'Agricultural nitous oxide is no laughing matter', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Release Newsletter - August 2012</p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Release007_page4\" href=\"user/file/82/Release007_p4.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Release007_page4</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(2.11MB)</span></span></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2012\r\n Release007_page4 (2.11MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '287', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(282, '', 'Manipulating nitrous oxide', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span style=\"color: #282829;\">Release Newsletter - February 2012 </span></p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #282829;\"><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Manipulating Nitrous Oxide producing processes\" href=\"user/file/21/Release5_February_2012_p5.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Manipulating Nitrous Oxide producing processes</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(0.44MB)</span></span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - February 2012 \r\n Manipulating Nitrous Oxide producing processes (0.44MB)', '', '', '', '', '2012-02-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '223', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(283, '', 'New centre at Lincoln University gets the measure of greenhouse gas emissions', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span style=\"color: #282829;\">Release Newsletter - August 2011</span></p>\r\n<p><span style=\"color: #282829;\"><span style=\"color: #282829;\"><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"New Centre at Lincoln University\" href=\"user/file/22/Release3_Aug_2011_p4-5.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> New Centre at Lincoln University</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(1.24MB)</span></span></span></span></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Release Newsletter - August 2011\r\n New Centre at Lincoln University (1.24MB)', '', '', '', '', '2011-08-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '224', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(284, '', 'Nitrification inhibitors - a win/win technology ', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p><span style=\"color: #282829;\">Release Newsletter - December 2010</span></p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Nitrification Inhibitors\" href=\"user/file/23/Release1_Dec_2010_p8.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Nitrification Inhibitors</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(0.83MB)</span></span></p>', 'Release Newsletter - December 2010\r\n Nitrification Inhibitors (0.83MB)', '', '', '', '', '2010-12-01', '2017-05-12', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '225', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(286, '', 'Principal Investigator - Dr Peter Janssen', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Dr Peter Janssen is the Principal Investigator of the <strong><a href=\"methane.html\">NZAGRC-PGgRc</a><a href=\"methane.html\"> methane mitigation programme </a></strong>at AgResearch, and co-ordinates and contributes to the different work streams developing technologies to reduce ruminant methane emissions. He has established methods for investigating the microbial ecology of the rumen ecosystem, and for isolating novel rumen microbes.</p>\r\n<p>Peter has been involved in several global projects to increase knowledge of the rumen, most notably co-leading the <strong><a href=\"nzfunds-researchcollaborations.html\">Global Rumen Census </a></strong>project. This study demonstrated, that across a variety of diets and ruminant species, the major groups of rumen microbes around the globe are largely the same, which potentially will help for global application.</p>\r\n<p>Peter is an internationally recognised expert in isolating so-called unculturable microbes.</p>\r\n<p>Prior to joining AgResearch, he was an Associate Professor and Reader at the University of Melbourne, where his research team made recognised advances in solving the &ldquo;Great Plate Count Anomaly&rdquo;, which is \"a name given to the observation that there are generally about 100 times more bacteria in a sample from any environment than can be grown on agar plates\" explains Peter. While in Melbourne, Peter got to move a little outside the normal academic sphere, when he was the scientific advisor to the award-winning ABC documentary \"Alien Underworld\".</p>\r\n<p>Peter\'s research work with NZAGRC and the PGgRc forms part of three different mitigation approaches - breeding low methane emitting ruminants; finding inhibitors that reduce the amount of methane formed in the rumen of grazing ruminants; and developing a vaccine so that the animal\'s antibodies naturally control the methane-forming microbes in the rumen.</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Dr Peter Janssen is the Principal Investigator of the NZAGRC-PGgRc methane mitigation programme at AgResearch, and co-ordinates and contributes to the different work streams developing technologies to reduce ruminant methane emissions. He has established methods for investigating the microbial ecology of the rumen ecosystem, and for isolating novel rumen microbes.\r\nPeter has been involved in several global projects to increase knowledge of the rumen, most notably co-leading the Global Rumen Census project. This study demonstrated, that across a variety of diets and ruminant species, the major groups of rumen microbes around the globe are largely the same, which potentially will help for global application.\r\nPeter is an internationally recognised expert in isolating so-called unculturable microbes.\r\nPrior to joining AgResearch, he was an Associate Professor and Reader at the University of Melbourne, where his research team made recognised advances in solving the “Great Plate Count Anomaly”, which is \"a name given to the observation that there are generally about 100 times more bacteria in a sample from any environment than can be grown on agar plates\" explains Peter. While in Melbourne, Peter got to move a little outside the normal academic sphere, when he was the scientific advisor to the award-winning ABC documentary \"Alien Underworld\".\r\nPeter\'s research work with NZAGRC and the PGgRc forms part of three different mitigation approaches - breeding low methane emitting ruminants; finding inhibitors that reduce the amount of methane formed in the rumen of grazing ruminants; and developing a vaccine so that the animal\'s antibodies naturally control the methane-forming microbes in the rumen.', '', '', '', '', '2019-03-18', '2019-03-18', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '639', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(288, '', 'Sharing New Zealand\'s succes story', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance is documenting countries&rsquo; successes in reducing on-farm emissions intensity of livestock production at the same time as addressing other concerns related to increasing productivity, increasing resource use efficiency, or reducing other externalities of their livestock systems.</p>\r\n<p>New Zealand submitted a case study about reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production on&nbsp;New Zealand farms.</p>\r\n<p>You can&nbsp;view the New Zealand case study at <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/New-Zealand-Sheep-beef-dairy.pdf\">http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/New-Zealand-Sheep-beef-dairy.pdf</a></p>\r\n<p>You can view other countries success stories at <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/\">http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/</a>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'The Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance is documenting countries’ successes in reducing on-farm emissions intensity of livestock production at the same time as addressing other concerns related to increasing productivity, increasing resource use efficiency, or reducing other externalities of their livestock systems.\r\nNew Zealand submitted a case study about reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production on New Zealand farms.\r\nYou can view the New Zealand case study at http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/New-Zealand-Sheep-beef-dairy.pdf\r\nYou can view other countries success stories at http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-17', '2017-05-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '508', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(289, '', 'Sharing New Zealand\'s success story', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance is documenting countries&rsquo; successes in reducing on-farm emissions intensity of livestock production at the same time as addressing other concerns related to increasing productivity, increasing resource use efficiency, or reducing other externalities of their livestock systems.</p>\r\n<p>New Zealand submitted a case study about reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production on&nbsp;New Zealand farms.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/New-Zealand-Sheep-beef-dairy.pdf\">View the New Zealand case study </a>(external website)</p>\r\n<p>Other countries success stories <a href=\"http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/\">http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/</a>&nbsp;</p>', 'The Livestock Research Group of the Global Research Alliance is documenting countries’ successes in reducing on-farm emissions intensity of livestock production at the same time as addressing other concerns related to increasing productivity, increasing resource use efficiency, or reducing other externalities of their livestock systems.\r\nNew Zealand submitted a case study about reducing the emissions intensity of livestock production on New Zealand farms.\r\nView the New Zealand case study (external website)\r\nOther countries success stories http://globalresearchalliance.org/research/livestock/', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-17', '2017-05-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '514', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(290, '', 'Producing a farm-scale soil carbon map', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p align=\"LEFT\">The study site is the Massey University Tuapaka hill country farm. This 470-ha farm, 15 km NW of Palmerston North, consists of two distinctive management blocks &ndash; the terrace flats and the hill block.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">A legacy soil map was digitised and used to produce soil and parent material datalayers for the digital soil mapping exercise. LIDAR survey data were provided to the project, at a resolution of approximately 1 measurement per square metre in open ground, and processed into a 5-m resolution digital elevation model (DEM). This model was then further processed into additional terrain attribute layers, including slope, aspect, relative wetness (displayed as a wetness index), geomorphological features , and global solar irradiation layers (Figure 5).</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">These environmental datalayers are used twice in the digital soil mapping process. First, they are used to determine where initial soil carbon measurements should be obtained. This initial sampling method ensures that soils are sampled to proportionally represent the full range of topographic features in the target area and cover the full range of likely soil organic carbon stocks. Second, the datalayers are used together with soil carbon spot measurements to predict a soil carbon map.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">Soil cores were collected from 50 stratified positions, and soil carbon stocks were determined at these positions. This dataset was then combined in the spatial modelling step to produce the soil carbon map (Figure 5).</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><strong>Figure 5: The elevation map, derived from the LIDAR survey, is analysed to give, for example, slope, aspect, wetness index, geomorphic units and solar irridiation maps. Digital soil mapping uses these maps with any other relevant data, such as legacy soil maps, climate layers and geology maps, together with soil carbon spot measurements, to develop a prediction model and produce the soil carbon map.</strong></p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><img style=\"margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; display: block;\" title=\"story_soilcmap.jpg\" src=\"user/image/large/510/story_soilcmap.jpg\" alt=\"story_soilcmap.jpg\" data-href=\"\" /></p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><a href=\"fact-sheets.html\"><strong>Read the full factsheet on mapping soil carbon</strong></a></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'The study site is the Massey University Tuapaka hill country farm. This 470-ha farm, 15 km NW of Palmerston North, consists of two distinctive management blocks – the terrace flats and the hill block.\r\nA legacy soil map was digitised and used to produce soil and parent material datalayers for the digital soil mapping exercise. LIDAR survey data were provided to the project, at a resolution of approximately 1 measurement per square metre in open ground, and processed into a 5-m resolution digital elevation model (DEM). This model was then further processed into additional terrain attribute layers, including slope, aspect, relative wetness (displayed as a wetness index), geomorphological features , and global solar irradiation layers (Figure 5).\r\nThese environmental datalayers are used twice in the digital soil mapping process. First, they are used to determine where initial soil carbon measurements should be obtained. This initial sampling method ensures that soils are sampled to proportionally represent the full range of topographic features in the target area and cover the full range of likely soil organic carbon stocks. Second, the datalayers are used together with soil carbon spot measurements to predict a soil carbon map.\r\nSoil cores were collected from 50 stratified positions, and soil carbon stocks were determined at these positions. This dataset was then combined in the spatial modelling step to produce the soil carbon map (Figure 5).\r\nFigure 5: The elevation map, derived from the LIDAR survey, is analysed to give, for example, slope, aspect, wetness index, geomorphic units and solar irridiation maps. Digital soil mapping uses these maps with any other relevant data, such as legacy soil maps, climate layers and geology maps, together with soil carbon spot measurements, to develop a prediction model and produce the soil carbon map.\r\n\r\nRead the full factsheet on mapping soil carbon', '', '', '', '', '2016-12-22', '2017-05-17', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '511', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(292, '', 'Collaborative work investigating GHG emissions from dairy farms', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>During 2015/16, the dairy component of the programme has continued progress towards understanding potential for practical mitigation options to result in lower GHG footprints for dairy farming.</p>\r\n<p align=\"LEFT\">Methane and nitrous oxide measurements on dairy farmlets, testing a range of</p>', 'During 2015/16, the dairy component of the programme has continued progress towards understanding potential for practical mitigation options to result in lower GHG footprints for dairy farming.\r\nMethane and nitrous oxide measurements on dairy farmlets, testing a range of', '', '', '', '', '2016-08-31', '2016-08-31', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '492', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(307, '', 'Test', 'eTheoryDesignStudio', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', '2017-06-30', '2017-06-30', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '', '', '', '', '', 1, 'Y');
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(308, '', 'Greenhouse gas awareness of livestock\'s contribution to emissions rises among farmers', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>More farmers are&nbsp;aware of the impact of livestock on global warming, says an&nbsp;agricultural greenhouse research expert.</p>\r\n<p>New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre director Dr Harry Clark&nbsp;said farmer awareness of their greenhouse gas contribution was at a much higher level than 15 years ago.</p>\r\n<p>This extended to&nbsp;growing recognition of international agreement to cut greenhouse gases, such as the Paris agreement, he said.</p>\r\n<p>\"There is growing awareness now of the&nbsp;unusual greenhouse gas&nbsp;profile&nbsp;here, dominated by agriculture,\" he told&nbsp;about 150 people at the recent mitigation of greenhouse gas conference in Palmerston North.&nbsp;\"To meet our international commitments, we have to think carefully about what we do with the agricultural sector. I&nbsp;think 15 years ago, you wouldn\'t have seen that awareness.\"<br />&nbsp;<br />However, other than more efficient production, greenhouse mitigation on New Zealand farms was years away, Clark said.</p>\r\n<p>\"Worldwide in general in the developed world people are more aware, but&nbsp;in very poor countries they have other things to think about, such as food&nbsp;supply and food safety.\"</p>\r\n<p>The research centre was&nbsp;funded by the Government and overseas investment. Clark&nbsp;said&nbsp;it would be true to say that politicians were also more engaged.</p>\r\n<p>Farmer awareness&nbsp;in developing nations often centred on how to adapt to climate change such as coping with more rain or more desert, rather than halting greenhouse gas production, he said.</p>\r\n<p>\"But in New Zealand, we have these strong international agreements,&nbsp;on reducing climate change.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said many emissions in&nbsp;the&nbsp;US&nbsp;and Europe came from industrial plants, such as power plants and from cars.</p>\r\n<p>\"You&nbsp;can get electric cars, and cleaner plants&nbsp;and a&nbsp;lot of those emissions will come down. Then unfortunately the focus will go on&nbsp;agriculture.\"</p>\r\n<p>To get emissions down&nbsp;so global warming was&nbsp;2 degrees Celsius or less, carbon dioxide emissions would have to hit&nbsp;zero this century, he said.</p>\r\n<p>\"Once you tackle those gases, then the proportion of gases change, and greater emphasis comes on agriculture.\"</p>\r\n<p>Animals produce methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. \"Really, to tackle global warming, and keeping it to less than 2 degrees, we have to tackle carbon dioxide&nbsp;and the other gases need to be addressed, too.\"</p>\r\n<p>That needed to happen against the backdrop of another two&nbsp;or three billion people added to the world population - and that scenario was scary, he said.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>MAKING CHANGES</p>\r\n<p>Agriculture could make changes, Clark said. \"The sectors have talked about efficiency, for instance, the sheep and beef industry saying it produces the same amount of meat with far less animals and fewer emissions. &nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\"[However] That only takes us so far. Then we need new technology.\" New Zealand\'s&nbsp;grass-based system was&nbsp;one of the most difficult to find greenhouse gas mitigation systems, Clark said.</p>\r\n<p>\"If you have animals indoors, and you are feeding them every day, then there are things you can do, such as manipulate the feed, and there are some compounds coming. But these you have to feed every day. &nbsp;How do you do that to a sheep on the hillside? It is hard for an extensive system.\"</p>\r\n<p>Clark said New Zealand\'s immediate priority&nbsp;was to increase efficiency.</p>\r\n<p>&#8203;\"We need to do more research to develop new technologies. It is difficult to say when they will come along, but what we can say is very good progress has been made on the experimental side. However, then to go from experimental to something that works on farm and is available commercially, takes a number of years.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said technology&nbsp;had to meet regulatory values and the nitrification inhibitor&nbsp;dicyandiamide, known as&nbsp;DCD and recalled from shelves in 2003,&nbsp;was a salutary lesson.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\"It has to be safe for people - have no residues,&nbsp;and safe for animals.\"</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>This story was originally posted at <a href=\"http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/90958834/greenhouse-gas-awareness-of-livestocks-contribution-to-emissions-rises-among-farmers\">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/90958834/greenhouse-gas-awareness-of-livestocks-contribution-to-emissions-rises-among-farmers</a></li>\r\n</ul>', 'More farmers are aware of the impact of livestock on global warming, says an agricultural greenhouse research expert.\r\nNew Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre director Dr Harry Clark said farmer awareness of their greenhouse gas contribution was at a much higher level than 15 years ago.\r\nThis extended to growing recognition of international agreement to cut greenhouse gases, such as the Paris agreement, he said.\r\n\"There is growing awareness now of the unusual greenhouse gas profile here, dominated by agriculture,\" he told about 150 people at the recent mitigation of greenhouse gas conference in Palmerston North. \"To meet our international commitments, we have to think carefully about what we do with the agricultural sector. I think 15 years ago, you wouldn\'t have seen that awareness.\" However, other than more efficient production, greenhouse mitigation on New Zealand farms was years away, Clark said.\r\n\"Worldwide in general in the developed world people are more aware, but in very poor countries they have other things to think about, such as food supply and food safety.\"\r\nThe research centre was funded by the Government and overseas investment. Clark said it would be true to say that politicians were also more engaged.\r\nFarmer awareness in developing nations often centred on how to adapt to climate change such as coping with more rain or more desert, rather than halting greenhouse gas production, he said.\r\n\"But in New Zealand, we have these strong international agreements, on reducing climate change.\"\r\nHe said many emissions in the US and Europe came from industrial plants, such as power plants and from cars.\r\n\"You can get electric cars, and cleaner plants and a lot of those emissions will come down. Then unfortunately the focus will go on agriculture.\"\r\nTo get emissions down so global warming was 2 degrees Celsius or less, carbon dioxide emissions would have to hit zero this century, he said.\r\n\"Once you tackle those gases, then the proportion of gases change, and greater emphasis comes on agriculture.\"\r\nAnimals produce methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide. \"Really, to tackle global warming, and keeping it to less than 2 degrees, we have to tackle carbon dioxide and the other gases need to be addressed, too.\"\r\nThat needed to happen against the backdrop of another two or three billion people added to the world population - and that scenario was scary, he said. \r\nMAKING CHANGES\r\nAgriculture could make changes, Clark said. \"The sectors have talked about efficiency, for instance, the sheep and beef industry saying it produces the same amount of meat with far less animals and fewer emissions.  \r\n\"[However] That only takes us so far. Then we need new technology.\" New Zealand\'s grass-based system was one of the most difficult to find greenhouse gas mitigation systems, Clark said.\r\n\"If you have animals indoors, and you are feeding them every day, then there are things you can do, such as manipulate the feed, and there are some compounds coming. But these you have to feed every day.  How do you do that to a sheep on the hillside? It is hard for an extensive system.\"\r\nClark said New Zealand\'s immediate priority was to increase efficiency.\r\n​\"We need to do more research to develop new technologies. It is difficult to say when they will come along, but what we can say is very good progress has been made on the experimental side. However, then to go from experimental to something that works on farm and is available commercially, takes a number of years.\"\r\nHe said technology had to meet regulatory values and the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide, known as DCD and recalled from shelves in 2003, was a salutary lesson. \r\n\"It has to be safe for people - have no residues, and safe for animals.\"\r\n\r\nThis story was originally posted at http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/90958834/greenhouse-gas-awareness-of-livestocks-contribution-to-emissions-rises-among-farmers', '', '', '', '', '2017-03-29', '2017-03-29', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '456', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(293, '', 'Low emissions development of the beef cattle sector in Uruguay', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving productivity while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from beef production in Uruguay.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6749e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">View report</a> (external website)</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/in-action/enteric-methane/en/\" target=\"_blank\">Read more about the project </a>(external website)</p>', 'The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving productivity while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from beef production in Uruguay.\r\nView report (external website)\r\nRead more about the project (external website)', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '517', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(294, '', 'Supporting low emissions development in the Ethiopian dairy cattle sector', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from dairy cattle production in Ethiopia.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6821e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">View the report </a>(external website)</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/in-action/enteric-methane/en/\" target=\"_blank\">Read more about this project </a>(external website)</p>', 'The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from dairy cattle production in Ethiopia.\r\nView the report (external website)\r\nRead more about this project (external website)', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '518', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(295, '', 'Supporting low emissions development in the Bangladesh dairy sector ', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from dairy production in Bangladesh.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/3/a-i6822e.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">View the report </a>(external website)</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.fao.org/in-action/enteric-methane/en/\" target=\"_blank\">Read more about the project</a> (external website)</p>', 'The NZAGRC in partnership with the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN has released a report evaluating the potential for improving milk production while reducing enteric methane emission intensity from dairy production in Bangladesh.\r\nView the report (external website)\r\nRead more about the project (external website)', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '519', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(297, '', 'CCAFS MRV summary report', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The NZAGRC through the GRA LRG work programme is pleased to to work with CCAFS on improving countries&rsquo; ability to monitor, report and verify GHG emissions from livestock.&nbsp;&nbsp;A summary of the MRV report is available.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/handle/10568/80890/Livestock%20MRV%20Info%20Note%20May%203%202017.pdf\"><strong>Read the report</strong></a></p>', 'The NZAGRC through the GRA LRG work programme is pleased to to work with CCAFS on improving countries’ ability to monitor, report and verify GHG emissions from livestock.  A summary of the MRV report is available.\r\nRead the report', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '521', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(298, '', 'Report: Monitoring Greenhouse Gas Emissions', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Progress over the first year from the Low emissions farm systems for the Maori sector project&nbsp;includes:</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Development of a typology of Maori farming</li>\r\n<li>The collection of farm and GHG emission profiles on 29 Maori farms from around the country, with 2 more to come. This includes 18 sheep &amp; beef farms, and 11 dairy farms</li>\r\n<li>The selection of 4 Focus farms; 2 dairy (Bay of Plenty, Taranaki), and 2 S&amp;B (Northland, East Coast)</li>\r\n<li>The development of Farmax files for each focus farm to allow for farm system modelling, and Overseer files to (a) establish the base GHG emission profile and (b) model the impact of change scenarios</li>\r\n<li>Data collated to allow for national benchmarking of the emission profiles</li>\r\n<li>Meetings held with the Trustees of the 4 focus farms and agreement gained re (a) participation in the project and (b) discussion on scenarios for modelling</li>\r\n<li>Development of priority scenarios for modelling of change in farm systems and subsequent impacts on GHG emissions.</li>\r\n<li>Development of farm maps to assist with the modelling</li>\r\n<li>A paper has been produced on the project to date and submitted to an international journal.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p>Read full report</p>\r\n<p><span class=\"mix_file\"><a title=\"Maori GHG Project 2015 EoY Report.pdf\" href=\"user/file/1153/Maori%20GHG%20Project%202015%20EoY%20Report.pdf\"><img src=\"images/icons/icon_pdf.gif\" alt=\"pdf\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" align=\"absmiddle\" border=\"0\" vspace=\"1\" /> Maori GHG Project 2015 EoY Report.pdf</a> <span style=\"font-size: 80%;\">(1.28MB)</span></span></p>', 'Progress over the first year from the Low emissions farm systems for the Maori sector project includes:\r\n\r\nDevelopment of a typology of Maori farming\r\nThe collection of farm and GHG emission profiles on 29 Maori farms from around the country, with 2 more to come. This includes 18 sheep & beef farms, and 11 dairy farms\r\nThe selection of 4 Focus farms; 2 dairy (Bay of Plenty, Taranaki), and 2 S&B (Northland, East Coast)\r\nThe development of Farmax files for each focus farm to allow for farm system modelling, and Overseer files to (a) establish the base GHG emission profile and (b) model the impact of change scenarios\r\nData collated to allow for national benchmarking of the emission profiles\r\nMeetings held with the Trustees of the 4 focus farms and agreement gained re (a) participation in the project and (b) discussion on scenarios for modelling\r\nDevelopment of priority scenarios for modelling of change in farm systems and subsequent impacts on GHG emissions.\r\nDevelopment of farm maps to assist with the modelling\r\nA paper has been produced on the project to date and submitted to an international journal.\r\n\r\nRead full report\r\n Maori GHG Project 2015 EoY Report.pdf (1.28MB)', '', '', '', '', '2016-01-15', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '522', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(299, '', 'Potential for forage diet manipulation in New Zealand pasture ecosystems to mitigate ruminant urine derived N2O emissions: a review', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Gardiner, C. A., T. J. Clough, et al. (2016). \"Potential for forage diet manipulation in New Zealand pasture ecosystems to mitigate ruminant urine derived N2O emissions: a review.\" <u>New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research</u> <strong>59</strong>(3): 301-317.</p>\r\n<p>ABSTRACTNitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils account for more than 10% of New Zealand?s greenhouse gas emissions. Livestock urine deposition drives N2O losses from these soils. It has been speculated that non-urea nitrogen compounds (UNCs) in ruminant urine could reduce or inhibit urine patch N2O emissions. However, we hypothesise that UNCs will have no effect on N2O emissions due to their potentially rapid degradation by plants and soil microbes. Our review suggests that plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are more likely to perform a role in reducing N2O emissions since many PSMs have known antimicrobial properties. Aucubin, found in Plantago, and isothiocyanates, found in Brassica, have been shown to inhibit a key step in N2O production. Future studies should explore this promising research gap by evaluating forages for potential inhibitory PSMs, assessing whether PSMs are excreted in urine after consumption, and determine whether excretal PSM concentrations are sufficient to reduce N2O emissions.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2016.1190386\">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2016.1190386</a></p>', 'Gardiner, C. A., T. J. Clough, et al. (2016). \"Potential for forage diet manipulation in New Zealand pasture ecosystems to mitigate ruminant urine derived N2O emissions: a review.\" New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 59(3): 301-317.\r\nABSTRACTNitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural soils account for more than 10% of New Zealand?s greenhouse gas emissions. Livestock urine deposition drives N2O losses from these soils. It has been speculated that non-urea nitrogen compounds (UNCs) in ruminant urine could reduce or inhibit urine patch N2O emissions. However, we hypothesise that UNCs will have no effect on N2O emissions due to their potentially rapid degradation by plants and soil microbes. Our review suggests that plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are more likely to perform a role in reducing N2O emissions since many PSMs have known antimicrobial properties. Aucubin, found in Plantago, and isothiocyanates, found in Brassica, have been shown to inhibit a key step in N2O production. Future studies should explore this promising research gap by evaluating forages for potential inhibitory PSMs, assessing whether PSMs are excreted in urine after consumption, and determine whether excretal PSM concentrations are sufficient to reduce N2O emissions.\r\nhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2016.1190386', '', '', '', '', '2016-07-01', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '102', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(300, '', 'Nitrous oxide emissions from grazing cattle urine patches: Bridging the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>F.J. Cook, F.M. Kelliher, Nitrous oxide emissions from grazing cattle urine patches: Bridging the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements, Environmental Modelling &amp; Software, Volume 75, January 2016, Pages 133-152, ISSN 1364-8152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.009.<br />(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815215300670)</p>\r\n<p>Abstract: <br />Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas and a precursor to compounds which deplete stratospheric ozone. Agricultural soils are the principal anthropogenic N2O source, which includes urine patches of cattle fed by grazing pasture. While such N2O emissions can be measured, involved time and space scales are usually only minutes and metres, respectively. Nevertheless, climate change stakeholders need large-scale national emissions over time to construct annual N2O emissions inventories for international treaty compliance requirements. We have developed a mathematical model to bridge the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements for N2O emissions from grazing cattle urine patches.</p>\r\n<p>Our methodology begins with the emissions from a patch. Convolution integrals are then used to spatially and temporally scale the emissions from discrete grazing events to paddock, farm and region levels across the year. The model developed shows how the emissions are smoothed out with scaling and the implications from the scaling.</p>\r\n<p>Keywords: Nitrous oxide; Scaling; Urine patches; Inventories; Greenhouse gases</p>', 'F.J. Cook, F.M. Kelliher, Nitrous oxide emissions from grazing cattle urine patches: Bridging the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements, Environmental Modelling & Software, Volume 75, January 2016, Pages 133-152, ISSN 1364-8152, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.009.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815215300670)\r\nAbstract: Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas and a precursor to compounds which deplete stratospheric ozone. Agricultural soils are the principal anthropogenic N2O source, which includes urine patches of cattle fed by grazing pasture. While such N2O emissions can be measured, involved time and space scales are usually only minutes and metres, respectively. Nevertheless, climate change stakeholders need large-scale national emissions over time to construct annual N2O emissions inventories for international treaty compliance requirements. We have developed a mathematical model to bridge the gap between measurement and stakeholder requirements for N2O emissions from grazing cattle urine patches.\r\nOur methodology begins with the emissions from a patch. Convolution integrals are then used to spatially and temporally scale the emissions from discrete grazing events to paddock, farm and region levels across the year. The model developed shows how the emissions are smoothed out with scaling and the implications from the scaling.\r\nKeywords: Nitrous oxide; Scaling; Urine patches; Inventories; Greenhouse gases', '', '', '', '', '2016-01-31', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '433', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(301, '', 'Application of gibberellins to increase productivity and reduce nitrous oxide emissions in grazed grassland: a review of the evidence', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>David Whitehead, Grant R. Edwards, Assessment of the application of gibberellins to increase productivity and reduce nitrous oxide emissions in grazed grassland, Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment, Volume 207, 1 September 2015, Pages 40-50, ISSN 0167-8809, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.019.<br />(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880915001036)</p>\r\n<p>Abstract: <br />Emissions of nitrous oxide from grassland systems are attributable largely to the use of nitrogen fertilisers and the excreta deposited by grazing animals. There is increasing interest in using gibberellins as a naturally-occurring growth promotant of herbage that could be used to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilisers while leading to similar or greater increases in dry matter. This may provide practical opportunities to reduce nitrogen intake by ruminants and extend the seasonality of herbage growth in spring and autumn while reducing nitrogen losses, resulting in lower rates of nitrogen excretion by grazing animals and reduced nitrous oxide emissions. Our findings from a review of previous studies confirm that gibberellins promote dry matter production, especially when applied in early spring or late summer/early autumn. When gibberellins are applied alone without nitrogen fertiliser, the nitrogen concentration of herbage is reduced and the impacts on forage quality are small and often not significantly different from those for untreated controls. We calculated the consequences of enhanced herbage production on nitrogen excreta returned to the soil as urine by a grazing dairy cow and estimated that one application of gibberellins will result in a relative reduction in nitrous oxide emission per urination event of 18% when compared with emissions from using nitrogen fertiliser. We used the OVERSEER&reg; model and nitrous oxide emissions factors to estimate the impacts of changing herbage dry matter production, foliage nitrogen concentration and timing of one application of gibberellins on annual nitrous oxide emissions for a dairy farm. For one application of gibberellins in late summer and early spring, we estimate reductions in nitrous oxide emissions of 1.6% and 1.3%, respectively, relative to the response for an untreated control. Incorporating the effects of reduced use of nitrogen fertiliser by substituting one split application of fertiliser in late summer or autumn with gibberellins, we estimate reductions on nitrous oxide emissions of between 5 and 6% relative to the response for the untreated control. We conclude that the use of gibberellins with reduced addition of nitrogen fertiliser has the potential to reduce nitrous emissions from grazed grassland. However, acceptance of widespread use of gibberellins will be dependent on cost benefit analysis for farmers.</p>\r\n<p>Keywords: Forage quality; Gibberellins; Grassland production; Grazed grassland; Greenhouse gas mitigation; Nitrous oxide</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"other,listing,172,assessment-of-the-application-of-gibberellins-to-increase-productivity-and-reduce-nitrous-oxide-emissions-in-grazed-grassland.html\">View full report</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"fact-sheets,listing,203,reducing-new-zealands-agricultural-emissions-gibberellins.html\">View factsheet</a></p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.019\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.019</a></p>', 'David Whitehead, Grant R. Edwards, Assessment of the application of gibberellins to increase productivity and reduce nitrous oxide emissions in grazed grassland, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, Volume 207, 1 September 2015, Pages 40-50, ISSN 0167-8809, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.019.(http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880915001036)\r\nAbstract: Emissions of nitrous oxide from grassland systems are attributable largely to the use of nitrogen fertilisers and the excreta deposited by grazing animals. There is increasing interest in using gibberellins as a naturally-occurring growth promotant of herbage that could be used to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilisers while leading to similar or greater increases in dry matter. This may provide practical opportunities to reduce nitrogen intake by ruminants and extend the seasonality of herbage growth in spring and autumn while reducing nitrogen losses, resulting in lower rates of nitrogen excretion by grazing animals and reduced nitrous oxide emissions. Our findings from a review of previous studies confirm that gibberellins promote dry matter production, especially when applied in early spring or late summer/early autumn. When gibberellins are applied alone without nitrogen fertiliser, the nitrogen concentration of herbage is reduced and the impacts on forage quality are small and often not significantly different from those for untreated controls. We calculated the consequences of enhanced herbage production on nitrogen excreta returned to the soil as urine by a grazing dairy cow and estimated that one application of gibberellins will result in a relative reduction in nitrous oxide emission per urination event of 18% when compared with emissions from using nitrogen fertiliser. We used the OVERSEER® model and nitrous oxide emissions factors to estimate the impacts of changing herbage dry matter production, foliage nitrogen concentration and timing of one application of gibberellins on annual nitrous oxide emissions for a dairy farm. For one application of gibberellins in late summer and early spring, we estimate reductions in nitrous oxide emissions of 1.6% and 1.3%, respectively, relative to the response for an untreated control. Incorporating the effects of reduced use of nitrogen fertiliser by substituting one split application of fertiliser in late summer or autumn with gibberellins, we estimate reductions on nitrous oxide emissions of between 5 and 6% relative to the response for the untreated control. We conclude that the use of gibberellins with reduced addition of nitrogen fertiliser has the potential to reduce nitrous emissions from grazed grassland. However, acceptance of widespread use of gibberellins will be dependent on cost benefit analysis for farmers.\r\nKeywords: Forage quality; Gibberellins; Grassland production; Grazed grassland; Greenhouse gas mitigation; Nitrous oxide\r\nView full report\r\nView factsheet\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.019', '', '', '', '', '2015-04-01', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '444', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(302, '', 'Decreasing methane emissions by feeding grazing ruminants: a fit with productive and financial realities?', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Pacheco, D., G. Waghorn, et al. (2014). \"Decreasing methane emissions from ruminants grazing forages: a fit with productive and financial realities?\" <u>Animal Production Science</u> <strong>54</strong>(9): 1141-1154.</p>\r\n<p>Ruminants contribute to human food supply and also anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. An understanding of production systems and information on animal populations has enabled global inventories of ruminant GHG emissions (methane and nitrous oxide), and dietary strategies are being developed to reduce GHG emissions from ruminants. Mitigation strategies need to consider the management/feeding systems used to ensure that these strategies will be readily accepted and adopted by farmers. Housed systems allow diets to be formulated in ways that may reduce GHG production, but the challenge is much greater for systems where animals graze outdoors for long periods. A methane mitigation option in the form of fresh forage would be desirable in livestock production systems with high reliance on grazing. A brief summary of New Zealand research, carried out on fresh grasses, legumes, herbs and crops, suggest that we have an incomplete understanding of the feed characteristics that define a &lsquo;high&rsquo; or a &lsquo;low&rsquo; methane feed. The variation in methane emissions measured between feeds, individual animals and experiment is large, even in controlled conditions, and the dynamic nature of sward-animal interactions will only exacerbate this variation, creating challenges beyond the identification of mitigants. Furthermore, implementation of knowledge gained from controlled studies requires validation under grazing systems to identify any trade-offs between methane reduction and animal productivity or emission of other pollutants. Therefore, investment and research should be targeted at mitigation options that can and will be adopted on-farm, and the characteristics of temperate grasslands farming suggest that these options may differ from those for intensive (high input/output) or extensive (low input/output) systems.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1071/AN14437\">https://doi.org/10.1071/AN14437</a></p>', 'Pacheco, D., G. Waghorn, et al. (2014). \"Decreasing methane emissions from ruminants grazing forages: a fit with productive and financial realities?\" Animal Production Science 54(9): 1141-1154.\r\nRuminants contribute to human food supply and also anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. An understanding of production systems and information on animal populations has enabled global inventories of ruminant GHG emissions (methane and nitrous oxide), and dietary strategies are being developed to reduce GHG emissions from ruminants. Mitigation strategies need to consider the management/feeding systems used to ensure that these strategies will be readily accepted and adopted by farmers. Housed systems allow diets to be formulated in ways that may reduce GHG production, but the challenge is much greater for systems where animals graze outdoors for long periods. A methane mitigation option in the form of fresh forage would be desirable in livestock production systems with high reliance on grazing. A brief summary of New Zealand research, carried out on fresh grasses, legumes, herbs and crops, suggest that we have an incomplete understanding of the feed characteristics that define a ‘high’ or a ‘low’ methane feed. The variation in methane emissions measured between feeds, individual animals and experiment is large, even in controlled conditions, and the dynamic nature of sward-animal interactions will only exacerbate this variation, creating challenges beyond the identification of mitigants. Furthermore, implementation of knowledge gained from controlled studies requires validation under grazing systems to identify any trade-offs between methane reduction and animal productivity or emission of other pollutants. Therefore, investment and research should be targeted at mitigation options that can and will be adopted on-farm, and the characteristics of temperate grasslands farming suggest that these options may differ from those for intensive (high input/output) or extensive (low input/output) systems.\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1071/AN14437', '', '', '', '', '2014-07-15', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '97', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(303, '', 'Some clarification of the impacts of grassland intensification on food production, nitrogen release, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration: using the example of New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Anthony J. Parsons, John H. M. Thornley, Susanne Rasmussen and Jacqueline S. Rowarth, 2016, Some clarification of the impacts of grassland intensification on food production, nitrogen release, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration: using the example of New Zealand, CAB Reviews 2016 11, No. 054</p>\r\n<p>Abstract</p>\r\n<p>We used an established, process-based model of the dynamics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling between plants, soils and animals in grazed temperate pastures to clarify expectations of how some major components of intensification affect the outcomes (short-term and long-term) of alternative systems for food production and environmental impact. We use the example of New Zealand, due to its clear recent history of intensification, the level of concern and hence nature of research undertaken there. A transition from low-input drystock, to dairy (lactation) systems with higher N inputs in fertilizer, and/or C and N inputs in supplements, reveals how at the same intermediate N input, food yield (per ha) can be doubled, while environmental N release halved, with minimal impact on C sequestration. We stress the sources of sustained changes in N release (e.g. nitrate/ nitrous oxide) are altered inputs (fertilizer/supplements) and less so animal numbers in response to these. Much of the increased efficiency is due to &lsquo;improved&rsquo; N partitioning in lactating (cf. dry) animals. A reversion to dry-stock (or &lsquo;de-stocking&rsquo;) therefore offers greater environmental challenge, unless N inputs decline accordingly. Responses to supplements (being a source of C) re-inforce how the driving limitation to the grazed ecosystem is C capture per ha, and we highlight the need for a renewed focus on fundamental research on plant C uptake per ha per unit of N input. We offer a graphical method for visualizing the outcomes of options, and their trade-offs, with implications for policy and future research direction.</p>\r\n<p>Keywords: Intensification, Carbon sequestration, Nitrogen use efficiency, Supplements, Dairy production</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR201611054\">https://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR201611054</a>&nbsp;</p>', 'Anthony J. Parsons, John H. M. Thornley, Susanne Rasmussen and Jacqueline S. Rowarth, 2016, Some clarification of the impacts of grassland intensification on food production, nitrogen release, greenhouse gas emissions and carbon sequestration: using the example of New Zealand, CAB Reviews 2016 11, No. 054\r\nAbstract\r\nWe used an established, process-based model of the dynamics of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling between plants, soils and animals in grazed temperate pastures to clarify expectations of how some major components of intensification affect the outcomes (short-term and long-term) of alternative systems for food production and environmental impact. We use the example of New Zealand, due to its clear recent history of intensification, the level of concern and hence nature of research undertaken there. A transition from low-input drystock, to dairy (lactation) systems with higher N inputs in fertilizer, and/or C and N inputs in supplements, reveals how at the same intermediate N input, food yield (per ha) can be doubled, while environmental N release halved, with minimal impact on C sequestration. We stress the sources of sustained changes in N release (e.g. nitrate/ nitrous oxide) are altered inputs (fertilizer/supplements) and less so animal numbers in response to these. Much of the increased efficiency is due to ‘improved’ N partitioning in lactating (cf. dry) animals. A reversion to dry-stock (or ‘de-stocking’) therefore offers greater environmental challenge, unless N inputs decline accordingly. Responses to supplements (being a source of C) re-inforce how the driving limitation to the grazed ecosystem is C capture per ha, and we highlight the need for a renewed focus on fundamental research on plant C uptake per ha per unit of N input. We offer a graphical method for visualizing the outcomes of options, and their trade-offs, with implications for policy and future research direction.\r\nKeywords: Intensification, Carbon sequestration, Nitrogen use efficiency, Supplements, Dairy production\r\nhttps://doi.org/10.1079/PAVSNNR201611054', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-19', '2017-05-19', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '103', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(304, '', 'Searching deep within for methane battlers', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The role of microbes in producing methane is being studied by an Irish scientist, writes Jarrod Booker.</p>\r\n<p>While science is helping us discover vast new worlds beyond our own, the worlds explored by Sinead Leahy are far too small to be seen by the naked eye.</p>\r\n<p>This world of microbes &ndash; tiny bugs such as bacteria that could fit by the millions in the eye of a needle &ndash; are all around us and keep the planet functioning. For Leahy, a senior scientist at AgResearch, her focus over the last decade has been on the complex world of microbes in the stomachs of ruminants like cows and sheep &ndash; and the huge implications these tiny single-cell organisms have for both New Zealand\'s economy and environment.</p>\r\n<p>\"We know so little about this microbial world, because people don\'t see it and they don\'t realise how important it is to us in New Zealand. It\'s only recently that we have started to get DNA sequencing technologies that allow us to study these worlds with new insight,\" Leahy says.</p>\r\n<p>\"The microbes in the sheep or cow\'s rumen (a chamber of the stomach) powers the animal by allowing it to break down the grass it eats, and gives us the products like milk, meat and wool that New Zealand sells to the world.\"</p>\r\n<p>It is not only the size of the microbes in the rumen that makes them difficult to identify and study, it\'s also the environment they exist in &ndash; without oxygen &ndash; and the highly complex roles they play, and how they interact with each other.</p>\r\n<p>Irish-born and raised Leahy, alongside her colleagues in rumen microbiology at AgResearch, has spent the last decade in New Zealand learning more about these microbes, to help farmers produce healthier, more productive animals and lift New Zealand\'s economy. But the potential is also huge when it comes to methane gas produced by the animals, given that methane is the largest contributor to New Zealand\'s greenhouse gas emissions.</p>\r\n<p>As scientists at AgResearch and elsewhere press to find ways to reduce the amount of methane produced &ndash; including potential for a methane vaccine &ndash; Leahy says the role of microbes here is crucial. By learning more about the microbes that are part of the process of producing the methane in the animals, there is the opportunity to find new ways to address it.</p>\r\n<p>Leahy was part of an international project led out of AgResearch, called Hungate1000, in which the genomes of hundreds of different microbes from ruminants from around the world were mapped to provide an important resource for researchers globally.</p>\r\n<p>While New Zealand should be proud of its rugby players and rowers, they should also recognise that in areas like rumen microbiology, New Zealand is a world leader, she says.</p>\r\n<p>Though she and her Irish-born husband are now also New Zealand citizens, along with their two New Zealand-born children, there is no question where her loyalties lie when it comes to the rugby arena. She looks back on the famous Irish victory over the All Blacks in Chicago last year as \"one of the greatest days of my life\".</p>\r\n<p>\"It was a long time coming. After all the pain of the last 10 years, I finally got to come to work in my Ireland jersey and lord it over everyone for a change.\"</p>\r\n<p>Leahy, 38, was one of nine children growing up in the Irish township of Bilboa &ndash; she had more siblings than there were pupils in her primary school class. Her grandfather\'s small farm nearby had her exposed early to rural life &ndash; \"we grew up with milk straight from the cow\".</p>\r\n<p>Her family was very strong in mathematics, and she remembers telling them at a young age she was going to be a researcher.</p>\r\n<p>\"I remember in primary school a teacher turning water with different colours with dye. It basically set me on the path from there.\"</p>\r\n<p>After completing her PhD in Cork, Leahy arrived in New Zealand in 2006, for what she told family and friends was part of a two year adventure around the world. After landing the job at AgResearch, and becoming attached to the work, her team, and the lifestyle, she decided to stay.</p>\r\n<p>\"I think my family always knew I was going to go off and see the world and do something more.\"</p>\r\n<p>While retaining her position at AgResearch, Leahy has recently taken up a new role of International Capability and Training Co-ordinator for the Government-funded New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC).</p>\r\n<p>The role will support the goals of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases, an initiative supported by the New Zealand Government to increase collaboration between countries to reduce the emissions intensity of food production. One of the objectives of Leahy\'s role is to engage scientists and policy audiences in the developing world on why lowering agricultural greenhouse gas emissions intensity (the emissions per kilogram of meat, milk, vegetables or grains) is important for their agricultural production.</p>\r\n<p>\"It\'s something I haven\'t done before, working on that interface between governments and the science, and the area of developing policy,\" Leahy says.</p>\r\n<p>\"It\'s vital to have that policy in place if you want to make real change, and for that policy to be built on quality science.\"</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/discovery/92855914/searching-deep-within-for-methane-battlers\">S</a>ource: <a href=\"http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/discovery/92855914/searching-deep-within-for-methane-battlers\">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/discovery/92855914/searching-deep-within-for-methane-battlers</a></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>Sinead Leahy is the International Capability and Training Co-ordinator at the NZAGRAC. <a href=\"staff,listing,247,sinead-leahy.html\">Read her profile</a></li>\r\n</ul>', 'The role of microbes in producing methane is being studied by an Irish scientist, writes Jarrod Booker.\r\nWhile science is helping us discover vast new worlds beyond our own, the worlds explored by Sinead Leahy are far too small to be seen by the naked eye.\r\nThis world of microbes – tiny bugs such as bacteria that could fit by the millions in the eye of a needle – are all around us and keep the planet functioning. For Leahy, a senior scientist at AgResearch, her focus over the last decade has been on the complex world of microbes in the stomachs of ruminants like cows and sheep – and the huge implications these tiny single-cell organisms have for both New Zealand\'s economy and environment.\r\n\"We know so little about this microbial world, because people don\'t see it and they don\'t realise how important it is to us in New Zealand. It\'s only recently that we have started to get DNA sequencing technologies that allow us to study these worlds with new insight,\" Leahy says.\r\n\"The microbes in the sheep or cow\'s rumen (a chamber of the stomach) powers the animal by allowing it to break down the grass it eats, and gives us the products like milk, meat and wool that New Zealand sells to the world.\"\r\nIt is not only the size of the microbes in the rumen that makes them difficult to identify and study, it\'s also the environment they exist in – without oxygen – and the highly complex roles they play, and how they interact with each other.\r\nIrish-born and raised Leahy, alongside her colleagues in rumen microbiology at AgResearch, has spent the last decade in New Zealand learning more about these microbes, to help farmers produce healthier, more productive animals and lift New Zealand\'s economy. But the potential is also huge when it comes to methane gas produced by the animals, given that methane is the largest contributor to New Zealand\'s greenhouse gas emissions.\r\nAs scientists at AgResearch and elsewhere press to find ways to reduce the amount of methane produced – including potential for a methane vaccine – Leahy says the role of microbes here is crucial. By learning more about the microbes that are part of the process of producing the methane in the animals, there is the opportunity to find new ways to address it.\r\nLeahy was part of an international project led out of AgResearch, called Hungate1000, in which the genomes of hundreds of different microbes from ruminants from around the world were mapped to provide an important resource for researchers globally.\r\nWhile New Zealand should be proud of its rugby players and rowers, they should also recognise that in areas like rumen microbiology, New Zealand is a world leader, she says.\r\nThough she and her Irish-born husband are now also New Zealand citizens, along with their two New Zealand-born children, there is no question where her loyalties lie when it comes to the rugby arena. She looks back on the famous Irish victory over the All Blacks in Chicago last year as \"one of the greatest days of my life\".\r\n\"It was a long time coming. After all the pain of the last 10 years, I finally got to come to work in my Ireland jersey and lord it over everyone for a change.\"\r\nLeahy, 38, was one of nine children growing up in the Irish township of Bilboa – she had more siblings than there were pupils in her primary school class. Her grandfather\'s small farm nearby had her exposed early to rural life – \"we grew up with milk straight from the cow\".\r\nHer family was very strong in mathematics, and she remembers telling them at a young age she was going to be a researcher.\r\n\"I remember in primary school a teacher turning water with different colours with dye. It basically set me on the path from there.\"\r\nAfter completing her PhD in Cork, Leahy arrived in New Zealand in 2006, for what she told family and friends was part of a two year adventure around the world. After landing the job at AgResearch, and becoming attached to the work, her team, and the lifestyle, she decided to stay.\r\n\"I think my family always knew I was going to go off and see the world and do something more.\"\r\nWhile retaining her position at AgResearch, Leahy has recently taken up a new role of International Capability and Training Co-ordinator for the Government-funded New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre (NZAGRC).\r\nThe role will support the goals of the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases, an initiative supported by the New Zealand Government to increase collaboration between countries to reduce the emissions intensity of food production. One of the objectives of Leahy\'s role is to engage scientists and policy audiences in the developing world on why lowering agricultural greenhouse gas emissions intensity (the emissions per kilogram of meat, milk, vegetables or grains) is important for their agricultural production.\r\n\"It\'s something I haven\'t done before, working on that interface between governments and the science, and the area of developing policy,\" Leahy says.\r\n\"It\'s vital to have that policy in place if you want to make real change, and for that policy to be built on quality science.\"\r\nSource: http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/discovery/92855914/searching-deep-within-for-methane-battlers\r\n\r\nSinead Leahy is the International Capability and Training Co-ordinator at the NZAGRAC. Read her profile', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-24', '2017-05-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '523', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
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(305, '', 'Sensitivity of the carbon footprint of New Zealand milk to greenhouse gas metrics', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Reisinger, A., Ledgard, S.F., Falconer, S.J. 2017.&nbsp;Sensitivity of the carbon footprint of New Zealand milk to greenhouse gas<br />metrics.&nbsp;Ecological Indicators 81, 74&ndash;82.</p>\r\n<p><strong>Highlights</strong></p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>The carbon footprint of milk depends on the choice of GHG metric.</li>\r\n<li>GHG metrics that emphasise long-lived gases tend to favour low-input systems.</li>\r\n<li>Differences in footprint among farms are greater if long-lived gases are emphasised.</li>\r\n<li>Ranking is robust for most farms but differences are significant in some instances.</li>\r\n<li>Transparency in the choice of GHG metrics would support more robust policy outcomes.</li>\r\n</ul>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1V7vH,XRNLVD8D\">Read more</a> </strong>&nbsp;(external website, may be paid access)</p>', 'Reisinger, A., Ledgard, S.F., Falconer, S.J. 2017. Sensitivity of the carbon footprint of New Zealand milk to greenhouse gasmetrics. Ecological Indicators 81, 74–82.\r\nHighlights\r\n\r\nThe carbon footprint of milk depends on the choice of GHG metric.\r\nGHG metrics that emphasise long-lived gases tend to favour low-input systems.\r\nDifferences in footprint among farms are greater if long-lived gases are emphasised.\r\nRanking is robust for most farms but differences are significant in some instances.\r\nTransparency in the choice of GHG metrics would support more robust policy outcomes.\r\n\r\nRead more  (external website, may be paid access)', '', '', '', '', '2017-05-31', '2017-05-31', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '524', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(310, '', 'Professor Louis Schipper', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Louis Schipper is a Professor at the University of Waikato who investigates soil biogeochemical processes at landscape scales and how they might be manipulated to achieve improved environmental performance while maintaining production. For the last decade, Louis has led teams determining changes in carbon stocks of pasture soils at paddock to national scales. This research demonstrated that while carbon in the majority of pastures on flat land was at steady state, some of our important soils had lost substantial carbon while hill-country soils have gained large amounts. These data have been central to developing a national picture of New Zealand&rsquo;s carbon budget. They have also used micro-meteorological approaches to evaluate high-resolution fluxes of carbon at farm scales to identify practices that increase carbon stocks, generating in-depth understanding of climatic effects (e.g., drought, rainfall) and management impacts (pasture renewal, cultivation, new pasture species). Louis is an elected fellow of the New Zealand and American soil science societies with multiple awards from the NZ Society. He has published &gt;130 papers (Scopus H-index of 36), supervised ~40 PhD/MSc students, and developed substantial soil and environmental resources for schools.</p>', 'Louis Schipper is a Professor at the University of Waikato who investigates soil biogeochemical processes at landscape scales and how they might be manipulated to achieve improved environmental performance while maintaining production. For the last decade, Louis has led teams determining changes in carbon stocks of pasture soils at paddock to national scales. This research demonstrated that while carbon in the majority of pastures on flat land was at steady state, some of our important soils had lost substantial carbon while hill-country soils have gained large amounts. These data have been central to developing a national picture of New Zealand’s carbon budget. They have also used micro-meteorological approaches to evaluate high-resolution fluxes of carbon at farm scales to identify practices that increase carbon stocks, generating in-depth understanding of climatic effects (e.g., drought, rainfall) and management impacts (pasture renewal, cultivation, new pasture species). Louis is an elected fellow of the New Zealand and American soil science societies with multiple awards from the NZ Society. He has published >130 papers (Scopus H-index of 36), supervised ~40 PhD/MSc students, and developed substantial soil and environmental resources for schools.', '', '', '', '', '2017-04-03', '2017-04-03', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '526', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(311, '', 'Professor Louis Schipper talks about soil carbon', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Louis Schipper talks to Bryan Crump on RNZ Nights about soil carbon. He talks about soil organic matter, soil density, nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur), land use and the ways we can store more carbon in soil to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmostphere without reducing food production.</p>\r\n<p>Louis also talks about the<a href=\"http://4p1000.org/understand\"> 4 pour mille </a>initiative and its challenge to increase carbon content of soils by 0.4% per year to offset fossil fuel emissions.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.radionz.co.nz/national/programmes/nights/audio/201847257/nights-science-soils\">Listen </a>(external link)</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"science-2,listing,310,professor-louis-schipper.html\">About Louis</a></p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'Louis Schipper talks to Bryan Crump on RNZ Nights about soil carbon. He talks about soil organic matter, soil density, nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur), land use and the ways we can store more carbon in soil to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmostphere without reducing food production.\r\nLouis also talks about the 4 pour mille initiative and its challenge to increase carbon content of soils by 0.4% per year to offset fossil fuel emissions.\r\nListen (external link)\r\nAbout Louis', '', '', '', '', '2017-06-14', '2017-06-14', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '528', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(306, '', 'Reducing emissions from agriculture to meet the 2 degrees Celcius target', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Wollenberg, E., Richards, M., Smith, P., Havl&iacute;k, P., Obersteiner, M., Tubiello, F. N., Herold, M., Gerber, P., Carter, S., Reisinger, A., van Vuuren, D. P., Dickie, A., Neufeldt, H., Sander, B. O., Wassmann, R., Sommer, R., Amonette, J. E., Falcucci, A., Herrero, M., Opio, C., Roman-Cuesta, R. M., Stehfest, E., Westhoek, H., Ortiz-Monasterio, I., Sapkota, T., Rufino, M. C., Thornton, P. K., Verchot, L., West, P. C., Soussana, J.-F., Baedeker, T., Sadler, M., Vermeulen, S. and Campbell, B. M. (2016), Reducing emissions from agriculture to meet the 2&nbsp;&deg;C target. Glob Change Biol, 22: 3859&ndash;3864. doi:10.1111/gcb.13340</p>\r\n<p>More than 100 countries pledged to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the 2015 Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Yet technical information about how much mitigation is needed in the sector vs. how much is feasible remains poor. We identify a preliminary global target for reducing emissions from agriculture of ~1&nbsp;GtCO<sub><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2</span></sub>e&nbsp;yr<sup><span style=\"font-size: small;\">-1</span></sup>&nbsp;by 2030 to limit warming in 2100 to 2&nbsp;&deg;C above pre-industrial levels. Yet plausible agricultural development pathways with mitigation cobenefits deliver only 21&ndash;40% of needed mitigation. The target indicates that more transformative technical and policy options will be needed, such as methane inhibitors and finance for new practices. A more comprehensive target for the 2&nbsp;&deg;C limit should be developed to include soil carbon and agriculture-related mitigation options. Excluding agricultural emissions from mitigation targets and plans will increase the cost of mitigation in other sectors or reduce the feasibility of meeting the 2&nbsp;&deg;C limit.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13340/full\"><strong>Read more</strong> </a>(external website)</p>', 'Wollenberg, E., Richards, M., Smith, P., Havlík, P., Obersteiner, M., Tubiello, F. N., Herold, M., Gerber, P., Carter, S., Reisinger, A., van Vuuren, D. P., Dickie, A., Neufeldt, H., Sander, B. O., Wassmann, R., Sommer, R., Amonette, J. E., Falcucci, A., Herrero, M., Opio, C., Roman-Cuesta, R. M., Stehfest, E., Westhoek, H., Ortiz-Monasterio, I., Sapkota, T., Rufino, M. C., Thornton, P. K., Verchot, L., West, P. C., Soussana, J.-F., Baedeker, T., Sadler, M., Vermeulen, S. and Campbell, B. M. (2016), Reducing emissions from agriculture to meet the 2 °C target. Glob Change Biol, 22: 3859–3864. doi:10.1111/gcb.13340\r\nMore than 100 countries pledged to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the 2015 Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Yet technical information about how much mitigation is needed in the sector vs. how much is feasible remains poor. We identify a preliminary global target for reducing emissions from agriculture of ~1 GtCO2e yr-1 by 2030 to limit warming in 2100 to 2 °C above pre-industrial levels. Yet plausible agricultural development pathways with mitigation cobenefits deliver only 21–40% of needed mitigation. The target indicates that more transformative technical and policy options will be needed, such as methane inhibitors and finance for new practices. A more comprehensive target for the 2 °C limit should be developed to include soil carbon and agriculture-related mitigation options. Excluding agricultural emissions from mitigation targets and plans will increase the cost of mitigation in other sectors or reduce the feasibility of meeting the 2 °C limit.\r\nRead more (external website)', '', '', '', '', '2016-07-11', '2017-06-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '525', 'Reducing emissions from agriculture to meet the 2 degrees Celcius target', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(309, '', 'Dr Andy Reisinger: livestock impact on climate change set to rise', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>The impact of agriculture on global warming could be as high&nbsp;as&nbsp;14&nbsp;per cent says an agricultural greenhouse gas specialist.</p>\r\n<p>But livestock may be even higher globally at 19 per cent.</p>\r\n<p>Andy&nbsp;Reisinger&#8203; the deputy director (International) of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre said while the numbers were contentious, livestock made&nbsp;a substantial impact on climate change.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>Speaking by video-link&nbsp;from Mexico, where he was talking&nbsp;climate change with politicians, Reisinger addressed150 delegates at the New Zealand Agricultural&nbsp;Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Conference&nbsp;&nbsp;in Palmerston&nbsp;North late last month.</p>\r\n<p>Reisinger&nbsp;said it was hard to estimate&nbsp;different sectors\' impact on global warming but the picture was clear.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\"From 1860 to 2017&nbsp;there has been a massive increase in temperature, with 2016 so far the highest point. &nbsp;As well as greenhouse gas production, there were also natural emissions, &nbsp;which also takes into account the sun and volcanic eruptions.</p>\r\n<p>\"But the impact of agriculture today on&nbsp;greenhouse gases is surprisingly large.</p>\r\n<p>\"Livestock today, could be as much as 19 per cent of direct emissions.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said gases from agriculture were not interchangeable.</p>\r\n<p>\"Carbon dioxide is the dominant greenhouse gas - it lasts&nbsp;in the atmosphere for thousands of years. Methane goes almost immediately.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\"But agriculture is&nbsp;one of the biggest contributors to global gases today. And we think it is responsible for about 14 per cent of global warming gases.\"</p>\r\n<p>Resinger said of that,&nbsp;livestock was 9 percent at the moment.</p>\r\n<p>\"I&nbsp;just want to emphasise how much it is not known. &nbsp;In 100 years, it looks as though agricultural will be 22 per cent of warming.\"</p>\r\n<p>If no steps were taken to mitigate the world\'s temperature it would rise&nbsp;go up 4.5 degrees C. And if we do change and mitigate the effects, then the increase will be&nbsp;1.5 degrees.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said the message for all delegates of the conference was if the world took all mitigation steps, then livestock emissions would&nbsp;stand out.</p>\r\n<p>\"We came up with an aspirational goal to reduce agricultural emissions. &nbsp;The proposal is for one gigatonne&nbsp;a year by the year 2030.\"</p>\r\n<p>A gigatonne is equal to a million metric tons.</p>\r\n<p>Reisinger said there was a groundswell of countries that thought agriculture needed to be included in any mitigation schemes.</p>\r\n<p>\"We have 119 &nbsp;countries&nbsp;included in the Paris agreement to reduce greenhouse gases. &nbsp;And 64 per cent of those are developing nations. &nbsp;They need strong support from developed nations.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said agricultural mitigation was vital to support the Paris agreement.</p>\r\n<p>\"And the interest in mitigation of agriculture is growing&nbsp;internationally.\"</p>\r\n<p>The director of the New Zealand &nbsp;Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre,&nbsp;Dr Harry Clark, said while there were several mitigation factors for livestock in the pipeline, finding&nbsp;something that worked&nbsp;on grass-fed New Zealand stock was the most difficult.</p>\r\n<p>Feeds that reduced emissions&nbsp;worked on animals housed and brought feed, they&nbsp;did not work on sheep on the hills.</p>\r\n<p>However&nbsp;he&nbsp;said farmers\' awareness of their greenhouse gas contribution was at a much higher level than 15 years ago.</p>\r\n<p>\"There is growing awareness now of the&nbsp;unusual greenhouse gas&nbsp;profile&nbsp;here&nbsp;dominated by agriculture.To meet our international commitments, we have to think carefully about what we do with the agricultural sector. I&nbsp;think 15 years ago, you wouldn\'t have seen that awareness.\"</p>\r\n<p>But he said&nbsp;&nbsp;other than more efficient production, greenhouse mitigation on New Zealand farms was years away.</p>\r\n<p>He said many emissions in&nbsp;the&nbsp;US&nbsp;and Europe came from industry, such as power plants and from cars.</p>\r\n<p>\"You&nbsp;can get electric cars, and cleaner plants&nbsp;and a&nbsp;lot of those emissions will come down. Then unfortunately the focus will go on&nbsp;agriculture.\"</p>\r\n<p>To get emissions down&nbsp;so global warming was&nbsp;2 degrees Celsius or less, carbon dioxide emissions would have to hit&nbsp;zero this century, he said.</p>\r\n<p>\"Once you tackle those gases, then the proportion of gases change, and greater emphasis comes on agriculture.\"</p>\r\n<p>Clark said New Zealand\'s immediate priority&nbsp;was to increase efficiency.</p>\r\n<p>&#8203;\"We need to do more research to develop new technologies. It is difficult to say when they will come along, but what we can say is very good progress has been made on the experimental side. However, then to go from experimental to something that works on farm and is available commercially, takes a number of years.\"</p>\r\n<p>He said technology&nbsp;had to meet regulatory values and the nitrification inhibitor&nbsp;dicyandiamide, known as&nbsp;DCD and recalled from shelves in 2003,&nbsp;was a salutary lesson.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>\"It has to be safe for people - have no residues,&nbsp;and be safe for animals.\"</p>\r\n<p>The New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse&nbsp;Gas Research Centre is&nbsp;funded by the Government and overseas investment.&nbsp;</p>\r\n<p>Statistics New Zealand says&nbsp;New Zealand\'s&nbsp;net&nbsp;greenhouse gas emissions&nbsp;increased 54 per cent between 1990 and 2014.</p>\r\n<p>A total of 24.4 million tonnes of&nbsp;carbon&nbsp;dioxide (CO2) equivalent was removed from the atmosphere in 2014, equivalent to 30 per cent of&nbsp;New Zealand\'s&nbsp;total&nbsp;greenhouse gas emissions&nbsp;that year.</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>This article originally appeared at <a href=\"http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/91005604/dr-andy-reisinger-livestock-impact-on-climate-change-set-to-rise\">http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/91005604/dr-andy-reisinger-livestock-impact-on-climate-change-set-to-rise</a></li>\r\n<li>View Andy\'s presentation at <a href=\"agricultural-emissions-their-role-in-climate-change-past-present-and-future.html\">http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/agricultural-emissions-their-role-in-climate-change-past-present-and-future.html</a></li>\r\n</ul>', 'The impact of agriculture on global warming could be as high as 14 per cent says an agricultural greenhouse gas specialist.\r\nBut livestock may be even higher globally at 19 per cent.\r\nAndy Reisinger​ the deputy director (International) of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre said while the numbers were contentious, livestock made a substantial impact on climate change. \r\nSpeaking by video-link from Mexico, where he was talking climate change with politicians, Reisinger addressed150 delegates at the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Conference  in Palmerston North late last month.\r\nReisinger said it was hard to estimate different sectors\' impact on global warming but the picture was clear.  \r\n\"From 1860 to 2017 there has been a massive increase in temperature, with 2016 so far the highest point.  As well as greenhouse gas production, there were also natural emissions,  which also takes into account the sun and volcanic eruptions.\r\n\"But the impact of agriculture today on greenhouse gases is surprisingly large.\r\n\"Livestock today, could be as much as 19 per cent of direct emissions.\"\r\nHe said gases from agriculture were not interchangeable.\r\n\"Carbon dioxide is the dominant greenhouse gas - it lasts in the atmosphere for thousands of years. Methane goes almost immediately.  \r\n\"But agriculture is one of the biggest contributors to global gases today. And we think it is responsible for about 14 per cent of global warming gases.\"\r\nResinger said of that, livestock was 9 percent at the moment.\r\n\"I just want to emphasise how much it is not known.  In 100 years, it looks as though agricultural will be 22 per cent of warming.\"\r\nIf no steps were taken to mitigate the world\'s temperature it would rise go up 4.5 degrees C. And if we do change and mitigate the effects, then the increase will be 1.5 degrees.\"\r\nHe said the message for all delegates of the conference was if the world took all mitigation steps, then livestock emissions would stand out.\r\n\"We came up with an aspirational goal to reduce agricultural emissions.  The proposal is for one gigatonne a year by the year 2030.\"\r\nA gigatonne is equal to a million metric tons.\r\nReisinger said there was a groundswell of countries that thought agriculture needed to be included in any mitigation schemes.\r\n\"We have 119  countries included in the Paris agreement to reduce greenhouse gases.  And 64 per cent of those are developing nations.  They need strong support from developed nations.\"\r\nHe said agricultural mitigation was vital to support the Paris agreement.\r\n\"And the interest in mitigation of agriculture is growing internationally.\"\r\nThe director of the New Zealand  Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre, Dr Harry Clark, said while there were several mitigation factors for livestock in the pipeline, finding something that worked on grass-fed New Zealand stock was the most difficult.\r\nFeeds that reduced emissions worked on animals housed and brought feed, they did not work on sheep on the hills.\r\nHowever he said farmers\' awareness of their greenhouse gas contribution was at a much higher level than 15 years ago.\r\n\"There is growing awareness now of the unusual greenhouse gas profile here dominated by agriculture.To meet our international commitments, we have to think carefully about what we do with the agricultural sector. I think 15 years ago, you wouldn\'t have seen that awareness.\"\r\nBut he said  other than more efficient production, greenhouse mitigation on New Zealand farms was years away.\r\nHe said many emissions in the US and Europe came from industry, such as power plants and from cars.\r\n\"You can get electric cars, and cleaner plants and a lot of those emissions will come down. Then unfortunately the focus will go on agriculture.\"\r\nTo get emissions down so global warming was 2 degrees Celsius or less, carbon dioxide emissions would have to hit zero this century, he said.\r\n\"Once you tackle those gases, then the proportion of gases change, and greater emphasis comes on agriculture.\"\r\nClark said New Zealand\'s immediate priority was to increase efficiency.\r\n​\"We need to do more research to develop new technologies. It is difficult to say when they will come along, but what we can say is very good progress has been made on the experimental side. However, then to go from experimental to something that works on farm and is available commercially, takes a number of years.\"\r\nHe said technology had to meet regulatory values and the nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide, known as DCD and recalled from shelves in 2003, was a salutary lesson. \r\n\"It has to be safe for people - have no residues, and be safe for animals.\"\r\nThe New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre is funded by the Government and overseas investment. \r\nStatistics New Zealand says New Zealand\'s net greenhouse gas emissions increased 54 per cent between 1990 and 2014.\r\nA total of 24.4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent was removed from the atmosphere in 2014, equivalent to 30 per cent of New Zealand\'s total greenhouse gas emissions that year.\r\n\r\nThis article originally appeared at http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/91005604/dr-andy-reisinger-livestock-impact-on-climate-change-set-to-rise\r\nView Andy\'s presentation at http://www.nzagrc.org.nz/agricultural-emissions-their-role-in-climate-change-past-present-and-future.html', '', '', '', '', '2017-04-03', '2017-04-03', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '109', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(312, '', 'Modelling Agriculture\'s Contribution to New Zealand\'s Contribution to the Post-2020 Agreement', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>This report has been commissioned by the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) to provide information on expected future agricultural emissions and the potential of mitigation actions. It aims to assist in developing different approaches to an agricultural target as part of New Zealand&rsquo;s contribution to a post-2020 agreement under the UNFCCC.</p>\r\n<p>The report provides emissions data obtained from a range of emissions scenarios (baselines and targeted mitigation actions to reduce absolute emissions and/or emissions intensities relative to baselines) through until the year 2050, with a specific focus on 2030. Scenario analysis has been used to explore the consequences of different approaches for emission trends.</p>\r\n<p>This report considers mitigation options consisting of various ways of improving farm efficiency alongside those that rely on the implementation of new technologies. The mitigation scenarios do not include policies or regulations that would imply significant additional constraints on land, stocking densities or nitrogen loading, or policies that would shift the profitability of different types of land-use through imposition of a cost of carbon on agriculture. Modelling the effects of such policies would require the use of economic tools and would rely on policy assumptions outside the scope of this report.</p>\r\n<p>Changing global market conditions could also have a major impact on agricultural production and emissions in New Zealand, but the characterisation of future global markets, let alone quantification of their implications for New Zealand livestock production and emissions, was beyond the scope of this report.</p>\r\n<p>Related to the above exclusions, the report did not investigate potential changes in total available agricultural land and the level of use of agricultural land between ruminant livestock and production forest, horticulture or arable crops. In other words, a basic assumption of the report is that agricultural land currently in ruminant livestock production will remain in some form of ruminant livestock production, and the only changes considered relate to the balance of livestock species and intensity of production systems, including use of specific management practices and technologies. While this assumption of a static total land area for livestock production is unlikely to remain the case in reality over the next several decades, it is beyond the scope of this report to assess potential changes in land use.</p>\r\n<p>Based on the individual mitigation options considered in this report, a combined package of mitigation outcomes (both on an absolute emissions and emissions intensity level) is presented, including the influence of the choice of base year (or base period) and metrics to aggregate emissions intensities from different sub-sectors (dairy, sheep and beef). The report does not make any recommendations on suitable or desirable targets, but seeks to inform political decisions about such targets by presenting the influence of different measures on emissions and providing a high-level indication of economic, environmental and social aspects relating to their implementation in a New Zealand context.</p>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"http://www.mpi.govt.nz/document-vault/11362\">Download the report </a></strong>(external website)</p>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>This report was prepared for the Ministry for Primary Industries by: <strong><a href=\"staff,listing,242,andy-reisinger.html\">Andy Reisinger, Deputy Director, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre</a></strong>; <strong><a href=\"staff,listing,241,harry-clark.html\">Harry Clark, Director, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre </a></strong>with additional input in support of this work has been provided by the following individuals: Greg Lambert, Dave Clark (consultants) Mike Rollo (AgResearch) Paul Melville, Simon Wear, Rod Forbes (MPI).&nbsp;</li>\r\n</ul>', 'This report has been commissioned by the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) to provide information on expected future agricultural emissions and the potential of mitigation actions. It aims to assist in developing different approaches to an agricultural target as part of New Zealand’s contribution to a post-2020 agreement under the UNFCCC.\r\nThe report provides emissions data obtained from a range of emissions scenarios (baselines and targeted mitigation actions to reduce absolute emissions and/or emissions intensities relative to baselines) through until the year 2050, with a specific focus on 2030. Scenario analysis has been used to explore the consequences of different approaches for emission trends.\r\nThis report considers mitigation options consisting of various ways of improving farm efficiency alongside those that rely on the implementation of new technologies. The mitigation scenarios do not include policies or regulations that would imply significant additional constraints on land, stocking densities or nitrogen loading, or policies that would shift the profitability of different types of land-use through imposition of a cost of carbon on agriculture. Modelling the effects of such policies would require the use of economic tools and would rely on policy assumptions outside the scope of this report.\r\nChanging global market conditions could also have a major impact on agricultural production and emissions in New Zealand, but the characterisation of future global markets, let alone quantification of their implications for New Zealand livestock production and emissions, was beyond the scope of this report.\r\nRelated to the above exclusions, the report did not investigate potential changes in total available agricultural land and the level of use of agricultural land between ruminant livestock and production forest, horticulture or arable crops. In other words, a basic assumption of the report is that agricultural land currently in ruminant livestock production will remain in some form of ruminant livestock production, and the only changes considered relate to the balance of livestock species and intensity of production systems, including use of specific management practices and technologies. While this assumption of a static total land area for livestock production is unlikely to remain the case in reality over the next several decades, it is beyond the scope of this report to assess potential changes in land use.\r\nBased on the individual mitigation options considered in this report, a combined package of mitigation outcomes (both on an absolute emissions and emissions intensity level) is presented, including the influence of the choice of base year (or base period) and metrics to aggregate emissions intensities from different sub-sectors (dairy, sheep and beef). The report does not make any recommendations on suitable or desirable targets, but seeks to inform political decisions about such targets by presenting the influence of different measures on emissions and providing a high-level indication of economic, environmental and social aspects relating to their implementation in a New Zealand context.\r\nDownload the report (external website)\r\n\r\nThis report was prepared for the Ministry for Primary Industries by: Andy Reisinger, Deputy Director, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre; Harry Clark, Director, New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre with additional input in support of this work has been provided by the following individuals: Greg Lambert, Dave Clark (consultants) Mike Rollo (AgResearch) Paul Melville, Simon Wear, Rod Forbes (MPI).', '', '', '', '', '2016-09-01', '2016-09-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '529', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(313, '', 'Effects of trampling of a wet dairy pasture soil on soil porosity and on mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions by a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Ball, B.C., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J. and Moore, S. (2012). Effects of trampling of a wet dairy pasture soil on soil porosity and on mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions by a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide. <em>Soil Use and Management</em>.</p>\r\n<p>Abstract<br />Urine patches in dairy pastures are major sources of nitrous oxide (N2O). Wet winters result in compaction damage to pastures because of animal trampling. The nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), is effective at reducing N2O emissions from urine patches. Here, we assessed the extent of damage to the physical quality of the soil by trampling and whether this influenced the ability of DCD to mitigate N2O emissions. A field experiment was conducted where a sandy loam soil was trampled by a mechanical hoof just before urine and DCD application. Trampling reduced air permeability and pore continuity, but this had no effect on bulk density. Urine appeared to have contributed to pore collapse and blockage. Trampling increased average cumulative N2O emissions from 1.74 to 4.66% of urine-N applied. This effect was attributed to increased water-filled pore space, aggregate destruction and suppression of grass growth. DCD was highly effective in reducing N2O emissions, with the N2O emission factor of the urine-N being decreased by 58&ndash;63%. Trampling did not significantly affect the effectiveness of DCD in reducing N2O emissions.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2012.00389.x/full\">Read more</a> (external link)</p>', 'Ball, B.C., Cameron, K.C., Di, H.J. and Moore, S. (2012). Effects of trampling of a wet dairy pasture soil on soil porosity and on mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions by a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide. Soil Use and Management.\r\nAbstractUrine patches in dairy pastures are major sources of nitrous oxide (N2O). Wet winters result in compaction damage to pastures because of animal trampling. The nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), is effective at reducing N2O emissions from urine patches. Here, we assessed the extent of damage to the physical quality of the soil by trampling and whether this influenced the ability of DCD to mitigate N2O emissions. A field experiment was conducted where a sandy loam soil was trampled by a mechanical hoof just before urine and DCD application. Trampling reduced air permeability and pore continuity, but this had no effect on bulk density. Urine appeared to have contributed to pore collapse and blockage. Trampling increased average cumulative N2O emissions from 1.74 to 4.66% of urine-N applied. This effect was attributed to increased water-filled pore space, aggregate destruction and suppression of grass growth. DCD was highly effective in reducing N2O emissions, with the N2O emission factor of the urine-N being decreased by 58–63%. Trampling did not significantly affect the effectiveness of DCD in reducing N2O emissions.\r\nRead more (external link)', '', '', '', '', '2012-03-08', '2014-07-01', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '530', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(314, '', 'Mitigating nitrous oxide and manure-derived methane emissions by removing cows in response to wet soil conditions', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>T.J. van der Weerden, S. Laurenson, I. Vogeler, P.C. Beukes, S.M. Thomas, R.M. Rees, C.F.E. Topp, G. Lanigan, C.A.M. de Klein, Mitigating nitrous oxide and manure-derived methane emissions by removing cows in response to wet soil conditions, Agricultural Systems, Volume 156, September 2017, Pages 126-138, ISSN 0308-521X, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.06.010\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.06.010</a>.</p>\r\n<p><strong>Highlights</strong></p>\r\n<p>&bull; Grazing pastures when soils are wet increases N2O emissions from cow urine</p>\r\n<p>&bull; Duration controlled grazing (DCG) was applied when a soil &#1012;v threshold was reached.</p>\r\n<p>&bull; Different durations were assessed for farms on poorly and imperfectly drained soils.</p>\r\n<p>&bull; For poorly drained soils, DCG reduced N2O and manure-derived CH4 emissions.</p>\r\n<p>&bull; For imperfectly drained soils, DCG increased N2O and manure-derived CH4 emissions.</p>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X16304826\">Read the article in full&nbsp;</a></strong>(external link)</p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;</p>', 'T.J. van der Weerden, S. Laurenson, I. Vogeler, P.C. Beukes, S.M. Thomas, R.M. Rees, C.F.E. Topp, G. Lanigan, C.A.M. de Klein, Mitigating nitrous oxide and manure-derived methane emissions by removing cows in response to wet soil conditions, Agricultural Systems, Volume 156, September 2017, Pages 126-138, ISSN 0308-521X, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2017.06.010.\r\nHighlights\r\n• Grazing pastures when soils are wet increases N2O emissions from cow urine\r\n• Duration controlled grazing (DCG) was applied when a soil ϴv threshold was reached.\r\n• Different durations were assessed for farms on poorly and imperfectly drained soils.\r\n• For poorly drained soils, DCG reduced N2O and manure-derived CH4 emissions.\r\n• For imperfectly drained soils, DCG increased N2O and manure-derived CH4 emissions.\r\nRead the article in full (external link)', '', '', '', '', '2017-06-26', '2017-06-26', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '531', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(315, '', 'Feeding diets with fodder beet decreased methane emissions from dry and lactating dairy cows in grazing systems', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Jonker Arjan, Scobie David, Dynes Robyn, Edwards Grant, De Klein Cecile, Hague Helen, McAuliffe Russel, Taylor Anna, Knight Trevor, Waghorn Garry (2017) Feeding diets with fodder beet decreased methane emissions from dry and lactating dairy cows in grazing systems.&nbsp;Animal Production Science&nbsp;57, 1445-1450.</p>\r\n<p>Abstract<br />Fodder beet (Beta vulgaris&nbsp;L.) has a very high readily fermentable carbohydrate concentration, which could affect rumen fermentation and reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions. The objective of the current study was to estimate CH4&nbsp;emissions from dry dairy cows grazing either fodder beet supplemented with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne&nbsp;L.)-dominated pasture silage (6 kg DM/cow/day; FB+Sil) or forage kale (Brassica oleracea&nbsp;L.) supplemented with barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) straw (3 kg DM/cow/day; kale+Str; dry cows, Experiment 1), and from dairy cows in early lactation grazing perennial ryegrass-dominated pasture alone (pasture) or supplemented with fodder beet bulbs (3 kg DM/cow/day; past+FB; lactating cows; Experiment 2). Methane measurements were performed using GreenFeed units (C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD, USA) for 40 days in August&ndash;September 2015 (Experiment 1) and for 22 days in November&ndash;December 2015 (Experiment 2), from 45 and 31 Holstein&ndash;Friesian &times; Jersey dairy cows in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Dry cows grazing FB+Sil in Experiment 1 produced 18% less CH4&nbsp;(g/day) and had 28% lower CH4&nbsp;yield (g/kg DM intake;&nbsp;P&nbsp;&lt; 0.001) than did cows grazing kale+Str. Lactating cows grazing past+FB in Experiment 2 produced 18% less CH4&nbsp;and had 16% lower CH4&nbsp;intensity (g/kg fat and protein-corrected milk production;&nbsp;P&nbsp;&lt; 0.01) than did cows grazing pasture alone, while milk production and composition were similar for the two groups. In conclusion, feeding fodder beet at ~50% and 20% of the diet of dry and lactating dairy cows in pastoral systems can mitigate CH4&nbsp;emissions.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1071/AN16441\"><strong>Read more</strong> </a>(external link)</p>', 'Jonker Arjan, Scobie David, Dynes Robyn, Edwards Grant, De Klein Cecile, Hague Helen, McAuliffe Russel, Taylor Anna, Knight Trevor, Waghorn Garry (2017) Feeding diets with fodder beet decreased methane emissions from dry and lactating dairy cows in grazing systems. Animal Production Science 57, 1445-1450.\r\nAbstractFodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) has a very high readily fermentable carbohydrate concentration, which could affect rumen fermentation and reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions. The objective of the current study was to estimate CH4 emissions from dry dairy cows grazing either fodder beet supplemented with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)-dominated pasture silage (6 kg DM/cow/day; FB+Sil) or forage kale (Brassica oleracea L.) supplemented with barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) straw (3 kg DM/cow/day; kale+Str; dry cows, Experiment 1), and from dairy cows in early lactation grazing perennial ryegrass-dominated pasture alone (pasture) or supplemented with fodder beet bulbs (3 kg DM/cow/day; past+FB; lactating cows; Experiment 2). Methane measurements were performed using GreenFeed units (C-Lock Inc., Rapid City, SD, USA) for 40 days in August–September 2015 (Experiment 1) and for 22 days in November–December 2015 (Experiment 2), from 45 and 31 Holstein–Friesian × Jersey dairy cows in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Dry cows grazing FB+Sil in Experiment 1 produced 18% less CH4 (g/day) and had 28% lower CH4 yield (g/kg DM intake; P < 0.001) than did cows grazing kale+Str. Lactating cows grazing past+FB in Experiment 2 produced 18% less CH4 and had 16% lower CH4 intensity (g/kg fat and protein-corrected milk production; P < 0.01) than did cows grazing pasture alone, while milk production and composition were similar for the two groups. In conclusion, feeding fodder beet at ~50% and 20% of the diet of dry and lactating dairy cows in pastoral systems can mitigate CH4 emissions.\r\nRead more (external link)', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-24', '2017-02-24', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '97', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(316, '', 'Nitrous oxide emissions from cattle urine deposited onto soil supporting a winter forage kale crop', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>van der Weerden, T. J., T. M. Styles, et al. (2017). \"Nitrous oxide emissions from cattle urine deposited onto soil supporting a winter forage kale crop.\" New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 60(2): 119-130.</p>\r\n<p>Abstract<br />Wintering cows on forage crops leads to urine being excreted onto wet, compacted soils, which can result in significant emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). A field trial was conducted to determine the N2O emission factor (EF3; proportion of urine-N lost as N2O-N) for dairy cows wintered on a kale forage crop on a poorly drained soil. Urine was collected from non-lactating dairy cows on a forage kale diet and applied at 550&#8197;kg&#8197;N&#8197;ha&minus;1&nbsp;to artificially compacted soil to simulate trampling and non-compacted soil in a kale field. Cumulative N2O losses over four months were 7.38 and 2.64&#8197;kg N2O-N&#8197;ha&minus;1&nbsp;from urine applied to, respectively, compacted and non-compacted soil. The corresponding EF3&nbsp;values 0.75% and 0.30%, respectively, differed (P&thinsp;=&thinsp;.003) due to compaction. Combining our results with previous studies, where brassica-fed livestock urine was applied to soils supporting a forage brassica crop, suggested a significant relationship between soil water-filled pore space (WFPS) and brassica-derived urine EF3&nbsp;(P&thinsp;=&thinsp;.005).</p>\r\n<p><strong><a href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00288233.2016.1273838\">Read more</a></strong> (external link)</p>', 'van der Weerden, T. J., T. M. Styles, et al. (2017). \"Nitrous oxide emissions from cattle urine deposited onto soil supporting a winter forage kale crop.\" New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 60(2): 119-130.\r\nAbstractWintering cows on forage crops leads to urine being excreted onto wet, compacted soils, which can result in significant emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). A field trial was conducted to determine the N2O emission factor (EF3; proportion of urine-N lost as N2O-N) for dairy cows wintered on a kale forage crop on a poorly drained soil. Urine was collected from non-lactating dairy cows on a forage kale diet and applied at 550 kg N ha−1 to artificially compacted soil to simulate trampling and non-compacted soil in a kale field. Cumulative N2O losses over four months were 7.38 and 2.64 kg N2O-N ha−1 from urine applied to, respectively, compacted and non-compacted soil. The corresponding EF3 values 0.75% and 0.30%, respectively, differed (P = .003) due to compaction. Combining our results with previous studies, where brassica-fed livestock urine was applied to soils supporting a forage brassica crop, suggested a significant relationship between soil water-filled pore space (WFPS) and brassica-derived urine EF3 (P = .005).\r\nRead more (external link)', '', '', '', '', '2017-01-11', '2017-01-11', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '97', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y'),
(317, '', 'A review of soil carbon change in New Zealand', 'NZAGRC Team', '', '<p>Schipper, L. A., P. L. Mudge, et al. (2017). \"A review of soil carbon change in New Zealand&rsquo;s grazed grasslands.\" New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 60(2): 93-118.</p>\r\n<p>Abstract<br />Soil organic matter is a potential sink of atmospheric carbon (C) and critical for maintaining soil quality. We reviewed New Zealand studies of soil C changes after conversion from woody vegetation to pasture, and under long-term pasture. Soil C increased by about 13.7&#8197;t&#8197;C&#8197;ha&minus;1&nbsp;to a new steady state when forests were initially converted to pasture. In the last 3&ndash;4 decades, resampling of soil profiles demonstrated that under long-term pasture on flat land, soil C had subsequently declined for allophanic, gley and organic soils by 0.54, 0.32 and 2.9&#8197;t&#8197;C&#8197;ha&minus;1&#8197;y&minus;1, respectively, and soil C had not changed in the remainder of sampled soil orders. For the same time period, pasture soils on stable midslopes of hill country gained 0.6&#8197;t&#8197;C&#8197;ha&minus;1&#8197;y&minus;1. Whether these changes are ongoing is not known, except for the organic soils where losses will continue so long as they are drained. Phosphorus fertiliser application did not change C stocks. Irrigation decreased carbon by 7&#8197;t&#8197;C&#8197;ha&minus;1. Carbon losses during pasture renewal ranged between 0.8 and 4.1&#8197;t&#8197;C&#8197;ha&minus;1. Some evidence suggests tussock grasslands can gain C when fertilised and not overgrazed. When combined to the national scale, different data sets suggest either no change or a gain of C, but with large uncertainties. We highlight key land-use practices and soil orders that require further information of soil C stock changes and advocate for a better understanding of underpinning reasons for changes in soil C.</p>\r\n<p><a href=\"http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00288233.2017.1284134?src=recsys\">Read more</a> (external link)</p>', 'Schipper, L. A., P. L. Mudge, et al. (2017). \"A review of soil carbon change in New Zealand’s grazed grasslands.\" New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 60(2): 93-118.\r\nAbstractSoil organic matter is a potential sink of atmospheric carbon (C) and critical for maintaining soil quality. We reviewed New Zealand studies of soil C changes after conversion from woody vegetation to pasture, and under long-term pasture. Soil C increased by about 13.7 t C ha−1 to a new steady state when forests were initially converted to pasture. In the last 3–4 decades, resampling of soil profiles demonstrated that under long-term pasture on flat land, soil C had subsequently declined for allophanic, gley and organic soils by 0.54, 0.32 and 2.9 t C ha−1 y−1, respectively, and soil C had not changed in the remainder of sampled soil orders. For the same time period, pasture soils on stable midslopes of hill country gained 0.6 t C ha−1 y−1. Whether these changes are ongoing is not known, except for the organic soils where losses will continue so long as they are drained. Phosphorus fertiliser application did not change C stocks. Irrigation decreased carbon by 7 t C ha−1. Carbon losses during pasture renewal ranged between 0.8 and 4.1 t C ha−1. Some evidence suggests tussock grasslands can gain C when fertilised and not overgrazed. When combined to the national scale, different data sets suggest either no change or a gain of C, but with large uncertainties. We highlight key land-use practices and soil orders that require further information of soil C stock changes and advocate for a better understanding of underpinning reasons for changes in soil C.\r\nRead more (external link)', '', '', '', '', '2017-02-05', '2017-02-05', '', NULL, NULL, '', '', '410', '', '', '', '', 4, 'Y');
